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T4014

Sigma-Aldrich

Tobramycin

Aminoglycoside antibiotic

Synonym(s):

3′-Deoxykanamycin B, Nebramycin Factor 6, O-[3-Amino-3-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)]-O-[2,6-diamino-2,3,6-trideoxy-α-D-ribohexopyranosyl-(1→4)]-2-deoxy-D-streptamine

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C18H37N5O9
CAS Number:
32986-56-4
Molecular Weight:
467.51
Beilstein:
1357507
EC Number:
251-322-5
MDL number:
MFCD00077885
UNSPSC Code:
51281626
PubChem Substance ID:
24900188
NACRES:
NA.85

biological source

Streptomyces tenebrarius

form

powder

storage condition

(Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Keep in a dry place.)

concentration

≥900 μg/mg (anhydrous)

color

white to off-white

antibiotic activity spectrum

Gram-negative bacteria

Mode of action

protein synthesis | interferes

storage temp.

2-8°C

SMILES string

NC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H](N)C[C@@H](N)[C@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](N)[C@H]3O)[C@H]2O)[C@H](N)C[C@@H]1O

InChI

1S/C18H37N5O9/c19-3-9-8(25)2-7(22)17(29-9)31-15-5(20)1-6(21)16(14(15)28)32-18-13(27)11(23)12(26)10(4-24)30-18/h5-18,24-28H,1-4,19-23H2/t5-,6+,7+,8-,9+,10+,11+,12+,13+,14-,15+,16-,17+,18+/m0/s1

InChI key

NLVFBUXFDBBNBW-SNGYORCQSA-N

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General description

Chemical structure: aminoglycoside
Tobramycin is an aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the Pseudomonas species.

Application

Tobramycin has been used:
  • to study the effect of tobramycin on bacteriophage infected biofilms
  • to study the effects of antibiotics on Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain
  • as a comparator antibiotic

Biochem/physiol Actions

Tobramycin binds irreversibly to one of two aminoglycoside binding sites on the 30S ribosomal subunit, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. Tobramycin may also destabilize bacterial membranes by binding to 16S rRNA (ribosomal RNA). It inhibits translocation and elicits miscoding.
Tobramycin is used to treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infections and is used in combination with other antibiotics to treat urinary tract infections, gynecologic infections, peritonitis, endocarditis, pneumonia, sepsis, respiratory infections, osteomyelitis, and other soft-tissue infections. It is a potential therapy for sinus infections.
Tobramycin is an aminoglycoside.
Mode of Action: Binds to 70S ribosomal subunit; inhibits translocation; elicits miscoding.
Spectrum of Activity: Gram negative bacteria. Not effective against Enterococci.

Other Notes

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Keep in a dry place.

Pictograms

Health hazard
GHS08

Signal Word

Warning

Hazard Statements

H361f

Hazard Classifications

Repr. 2

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 3

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

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R D Meyer et al.
Applied microbiology, 22(6), 1147-1151 (1971-12-01)
Tobramycin (factor 6 of the nebramycin complex) is a new aminoglycoside antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces tenebrarius which is active against S. aureus, Enterobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Susceptibility to tobramycin of 96 strains of P. aeruginosa, including 45 recent isolates from
Madan Kumar Kharel et al.
FEMS microbiology letters, 230(2), 185-190 (2004-02-06)
The biosynthetic gene cluster for tobramycin, a 2-deoxystreptamine-containing aminoglycoside antibiotic, was isolated from Streptomyces tenebrarius ATCC 17920. A genomic library of S. tenebrarius was constructed, and a cosmid, pST51, was isolated by the probes based on the core regions of
Ismini Nakouti et al.
Biotechnology progress, 33(1), 37-44 (2016-10-30)
Stress, caused by exposure to microwaves (2.45 GHz) at constant temperature (37 ± 0.5°C), alters the growth profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. In the absence of microwave treatment a simple, highly reproducible growth curve was observed over 24 h or more. Microwave treatment caused
Lindsey B Coulter et al.
Viruses, 6(10), 3778-3786 (2014-10-07)
Bacteriophage infection and antibiotics used individually to reduce biofilm mass often result in the emergence of significant levels of phage and antibiotic resistant cells. In contrast, combination therapy in Escherichia coli biofilms employing T4 phage and tobramycin resulted in greater
Quentin Vicens et al.
Journal of molecular biology, 326(4), 1175-1188 (2003-02-19)
Aminoglycosides are antibacterial molecules that decrease translation accuracy by binding to the decoding aminoacyl-tRNA site (A site) on 16S ribosomal RNA. We have solved the crystal structure of an RNA fragment containing the A site bound to geneticin at 2.40A
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