The solution stability of this product has not been determined. As indicated in the 'DESCRIPTION' section under 'Preparation Note', solutions should be freshly prepared. However, one publication tested the stability of 4.2 mM solutions of MPP+ over 28 days in the dark at 37 °C. Aliquots of the solution were taken and then stored at -80 °C for analysis by HPLC. During this period, no degradation of MPP+ was observed (Yazdani, U., et al., Rat model of Parkinson's disease: Chronic central delivery of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+). Exp. Neurol., 200, 172-183 (2006)).
D048
MPP+ iodide
≥98% (HPLC), ERα antagonist, powder
Synonym(s):
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide
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About This Item
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C12H12IN
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
297.13
UNSPSC Code:
12352200
PubChem Substance ID:
NACRES:
NA.77
MDL number:
Pricing and availability is not currently available.
Product Name
MPP+ iodide, ≥98% (HPLC), powder
Quality Level
assay
≥98% (HPLC)
form
powder
storage condition
desiccated
color
white to beige
solubility
H2O: 10 mg/mL, clear
SMILES string
[I-].C[n+]1ccc(cc1)-c2ccccc2
InChI
1S/C12H12N.HI/c1-13-9-7-12(8-10-13)11-5-3-2-4-6-11;/h2-10H,1H3;1H/q+1;/p-1
InChI key
RFDFRDXIIKROAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M
General description
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) acts as a selective ERα antagonist.[1]induces neurotoxicity by inhibiting mitochondrial redox functions in the striatal synaptosomes. It is a potential neurotoxin and induces Parkinson′s disease in animal models. It mediates apoptosis by the generation of reactive oxygen species in cerebellar granule neurons and neuroblastoma cells. MPP+ modulates the distribution of dopamine. It elicits neurotoxicity by activating neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), resulting in excess nitric oxide.[2]
Application
MPP+ iodide has been used:
- to induce oxidative stress in zebrafish embryos[3]
- for the inhibition of glutamate uptake in mitochondria of astrocytes
- in testing cell viability using MTT (3 (4,5-dimethylthiazol)-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) in microglia (BV2) cells
Biochem/physiol Actions
Active metabolite of dopaminergic neurotoxin MPTP
MPP+ iodide is an active metabolite of dopaminergic neurotoxin MPTP.
Preparation Note
Solutions should be freshly prepared.
Disclaimer
Photosensitive.
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This Item | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| assay ≥98% (HPLC) | assay ≥97% (titration) | assay ≥98% (HPLC) | assay ≥97% (HPLC) |
| form powder | form powder | form powder | form powder |
| Quality Level 100 | Quality Level 100 | Quality Level - | Quality Level 100 |
| storage condition desiccated | storage condition - | storage condition - | storage condition desiccated |
| solubility H2O: 10 mg/mL, clear | solubility H2O: >50 mg/mL, clear, yellow to brown | solubility DMSO: 2 mg/mL, clear | solubility DMSO: soluble ≥20 mg/mL |
| color white to beige | color off-white to brown | color white to light brown | color white |
signalword
Danger
Hazard Classifications
Acute Tox. 3 Dermal - Acute Tox. 3 Inhalation - Acute Tox. 3 Oral - Eye Irrit. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2 - STOT SE 3
target_organs
Respiratory system
Storage Class
6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 / very toxic hazardous materials
wgk
WGK 3
flash_point_f
Not applicable
flash_point_c
Not applicable
ppe
Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves, type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges
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JNK-mediated microglial DICER degradation potentiates inflammatory responses to induce dopaminergic neuron loss
Wang Q, et al.
Journal of Neuroinflammation, 15(1), 184-184 (2018)
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial oxidant generation: role of transferrin-receptor-dependent iron and hydrogen peroxide
Kalivendi SV, et al.
The Biochemical Journal, 371(1), 151-164 (2003)
Agnieszka Nikiforuk et al.
Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience, 11, 222-222 (2017-12-13)
Reduced cognitive abilities are often characterized by an impairment of flexibility, i.e., the ability to switch from learned rules or categories that were important in certain contexts to different new modalities that rule the task. Drugs targeting the dopamine transporter
Global Trade Item Number
| SKU | GTIN |
|---|---|
| D048-100MG | 04061833557709 |
| D048-1G | 04061833557716 |
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