61135

Kristallviolett

for microscopy (Bact., Bot., Hist., Vit.), indicator (pH 0.1-2.0)

• Synonym(e): Basic Violet 3, Hexamethylpararosanilinchlorid, Kristallviolett, Methylviolett 10B
• Lineare Formel: C₂₅H₃₀N₃Cl
• CAS-Nummer: 548-62-9
• Molekulargewicht: 407.98
• Farbindexnummer: 42555
• Beilstein: 3580948
• MDL-Nummer: MFCD00011750
• UNSPSC-Code: 12171500
• PubChem Substanz-ID: 329759365
• NACRES: MA.02

Eigenschaften

• Qualität: for microscopy (Bact., Bot., Hist., Vit.); indicator (pH 0.1-2.0)
• Qualitätsniveau: 200
• Form: powder
• Methode(n): microbe id | staining: suitable
• Farbe: green to very dark green
• visual transition interval: 0.1-2.0, yellow-green to blue-violet
• mp (Schmelzpunkt): 205 °C (dec.) (lit.)
• Dichte: 1.190 g/cm³
• ε (Extinktionskoeffizient): ≥1750 at 585-595 nm in water
• Eignung: suitable for microscopy (Bact., Bot., Hist., Vit.)
• Wirkungsspektrum von Antibiotika: fungi
• Anwendung(en): diagnostic assay manufacturing; hematology; histology
• Wirkungsweise: cell membrane | interferes; enzyme | inhibits
• Lagertemp.: room temp
• SMILES String: [Cl-].CN(C)c1ccc(cc1)\C(c2ccc(cc2)N(C)C)=C3/C=C\C(C=C3)=[N+](/C)C
• InChI: 1S/C25H30N3.ClH/c1-26(2)22-13-7-19(8-14-22)25(20-9-15-23(16-10-20)27(3)4)21-11-17-24(18-12-21)28(5)6;/h7-18H,1-6H3;1H/q+1;/p-1
• InChIKey: ZXJXZNDDNMQXFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M

Beschreibung

Allgemeine Beschreibung

Crystal violet, also known as Basic Violet 3 or Gentian Violet, is a basic, cationic aminoarylmethane dye. It is the N-hexamethylated derivative of pararosaniline and bears a lipophilic cation. It is primarily used in bacteriology and microscopy as the primary stain in Gram staining to classify and distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It is indicator grade, exhibiting a color transition from yellow-green in acidic conditions to blue-violet in basic conditions. It also possesses antibacterial and antifungal properties.[1][2]

Anwendung

• Crystal violet is mainly used in Gram staining and its variants, and for staining amyloid, bacterial components, and vascular plant tissues.
• It is used in polychrome staining of epoxy resin sections, viability staining of cultured neurons, and confocal optical sectioning to analyze meiotic structures.
• It is also employed in the acridine orange-crystal violet staining of intracellular bacteria, microsporidian spores, and cytological smears.[1]

Biochem./physiol. Wirkung

The antimicrobial properties of crystal violet are due to free radical generation and the formation of unionized dye-bacteria complexes. It inhibits bacterial protein synthesis and cell wall formation and is especially effective against Gram-positive bacteria.[3]

Prinzip

Gram staining is used to differentiate bacteria based on their cell wall structure. Gram-positive bacteria have a thicker cell wall with more peptidoglycan and less lipid content, while gram-negative bacteria have a thinner cell wall with less peptidoglycan and more lipid content. During the staining process, crystal violet is applied to the bacteria, followed by the iodine to form a complex that fixes the dye. A decolorizer is then used to remove the dye from gram-negative bacteria by dissolving their lipid layer. Gram-positive bacteria retain the dye due to the dehydration and shrinking of their cell walls. A counterstain, such as safranin or basic fuchsin, is applied to impart a pink color to decolorized gram-negative bacteria.

Sicherheitshinweise

• Piktogramme: GHS08,GHS05,GHS07,GHS09
• Signalwort: Danger
• H-Sätze: H302,H318,H341,H350,H410
• P-Sätze: P202 - P273 - P280 - P301 + P312 - P305 + P351 + P338 - P308 + P313
• Gefahreneinstufungen: Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Aquatic Acute 1 - Aquatic Chronic 1 - Carc. 1B - Eye Dam. 1 - Muta. 2
• Lagerklassenschlüssel: 6.1C - Combustible acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects
• WGK: WGK 3
• Flammpunkt (°F): Not applicable
• Flammpunkt (°C): Not applicable
• Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves, type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges