2-Methylnicotinic acid imidazolide (NAI or mNAI) is an RNA SHAPE probe for live-cell RNA structure profiling. SHAPE -- or selective 2′-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension -- uses small, electrophilic chemical probes to react with the 2′-hydroxyl group and provides insight to RNA structure and its dynamics in varied cells states or in cells with gene knockouts. It has also been extended to the SHALiPE approach, selective 2′-hydroxyl acylation with lithium ion-based primer extension.
RNA structure has important roles in practically every facet of gene regulation, but the paucity of in vivo structural probes limits current understanding. Here we design, synthesize and demonstrate two new chemical probes that enable selective 2'-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by
Prokaryotes use repetitive genomic elements termed CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) to destroy invading genetic molecules. Although CRISPR systems have been widely used in DNA and RNA technology, certain adverse effects do occur. For example, constitutively active CRISPR
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