Phosphate binders (calcium-based and calcium-free) are recommended to lower serum phosphate and prevent hyperphosphataemia in patients with chronic kidney disease, but their effects on mortality and cardiovascular outcomes are unknown. We aimed to update our meta-analysis on the effect of
Polysaccharides and proteoglycans in calcium carbonate-based biomineralization.
Hierarchical composite materials design in biological exoskeletons achieves penetration resistance through a variety of energy-dissipating mechanisms while simultaneously balancing the need for damage localization to avoid compromising the mechanical integrity of the entire structure and to maintain multi-hit capability. Here
To examine whether combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation improves insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, β-cell function, inflammation and metabolic markers. 6-month randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Ninety-five adults with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] ≤55 nmol/L at risk of type 2 diabetes (with
The mineralization of perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) by calcium compounds during the waste thermal treatment was systemically studied. Different calcium compounds showed different mineralization efficiencies of PFASs during the thermal process, owing to the different reaction mechanisms. Calcium hydroxide was
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