Direkt zum Inhalt
Merck

In vitro release testing methods for vitamin E nanoemulsions.

International journal of pharmaceutics (2014-09-03)
Jacqueline M Morais, Diane J Burgess
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

This study reports the release properties of the poorly water-soluble active vitamin E acetate from oil/water nanoemulsions containing canola oil, CremophorRH40(®) and Span80(®) prepared using a low energy emulsification method (EPI process). Drug release was measured via dialysis sac and reverse dialysis sac methods as well as USP apparatus 4 fitted with dialysis sac adapters. Macro- and microscopic stability were evaluated and no instabilities were observed during the test period. In vitro release testing was adequately performed using the reverse dialysis sac and USP apparatus 4 methods. However, the dialysis method produced a slower release rate compared to the other methods and this was considered a result of violation of sink conditions within the dialysis sacs as well as inadequate mixing. Micellar solubilization was able to increase vitamin E transport from canola oil to buffer solution, but no model active concentration increase in the nanoemulsion external aqueous phase was observed despite the presence of micelles. Accordingly, it appeared that diffusion across the interfacial film was the rate-limiting step for in vitro release from these nanoemulsions. Sustained/prolonged release of vitamin E was observed and could be explained based on the high partition coefficient and on the nanoemulsion interfacial film proprieties.

MATERIALIEN
Produktnummer
Marke
Produktbeschreibung

Sigma-Aldrich
Tetrahydrofuran, inhibitor-free, suitable for HPLC, ≥99.9%
Sigma-Aldrich
Tetrahydrofuran, contains 200-400 ppm BHT as inhibitor, ACS reagent, ≥99.0%
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumdodecylsulfat, BioReagent, suitable for electrophoresis, for molecular biology, ≥98.5% (GC)
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumdodecylsulfat, ≥99.0% (GC), dust-free pellets
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumacetat Trihydrat, ACS reagent, ≥99%
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumdodecylsulfat -Lösung, BioUltra, for molecular biology, 10% in H2O
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumacetat Trihydrat, ReagentPlus®, ≥99.0%
Sigma-Aldrich
Tetrahydrofuran, ≥99.0%, contains 200-400 ppm BHT as inhibitor, ReagentPlus®
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumdodecylsulfat -Lösung, BioUltra, for molecular biology, 20% in H2O
Sigma-Aldrich
Tetrahydrofuran, contains 250 ppm BHT as inhibitor, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. Ph. Eur., ≥99.9%
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumdodecylsulfat, BioUltra, for molecular biology, ≥99.0% (GC)
Supelco
Natriumdodecylsulfat, dust-free pellets, suitable for electrophoresis, for molecular biology, ≥99.0% (GC)
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumacetat Trihydrat, puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, USP, FCC, E262, 99.0-101.0% (calc. to the dried substance), ≤0.00002% Al
Sigma-Aldrich
Tetrahydrofuran, ACS reagent, ≥99.0%, contains 200-400 ppm BHT as inhibitor
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumdodecylsulfat, ≥98.0% (GC)
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumdodecylsulfat, ACS reagent, ≥99.0%
Sigma-Aldrich
Tetrahydrofuran, anhydrous, ≥99.9%, inhibitor-free
Sigma-Aldrich
Tetrahydrofuran, anhydrous, contains 250 ppm BHT as inhibitor, ≥99.9%
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumacetat Trihydrat, BioUltra, ≥99.5% (NT)
Supelco
Tetrahydrofuran, HPLC grade, ≥99.9%, inhibitor-free
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumdodecylsulfat, ReagentPlus®, ≥98.5% (GC)
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumdodecylsulfat, tested according to NF, mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates consisting mainly of sodium dodecyl sulfate
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumdodecylsulfat, BioXtra, ≥99.0% (GC)
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumdodecylsulfat, 92.5-100.5% based on total alkyl sulfate content basis
Supelco
Natriumdodecylsulfat, suitable for ion pair chromatography, LiChropur, ≥99.0%
Supelco
Span® 80, viscosity 1000-2000 mPa.s (20 °C)
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumdodecylsulfat, ≥98.0% (GC)
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumacetat Trihydrat, BioXtra, ≥99.0%
Sigma-Aldrich
Natriumdodecylsulfat, ≥90% ((Assay))
Supelco
Tetrahydrofuran, Selectophore, ≥99.5%