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  • Plasma and dietary carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E and risk of colon and rectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Plasma and dietary carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E and risk of colon and rectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

International journal of cancer (2014-04-29)
Max Leenders, Anke M Leufkens, Peter D Siersema, Fränzel J B van Duijnhoven, Alina Vrieling, Paul J M Hulshof, Carla H van Gils, Kim Overvad, Nina Roswall, Cecilie Kyrø, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Guy Fagerhazzi, Claire Cadeau, Tilman Kühn, Theron Johnson, Heiner Boeing, Krasimira Aleksandrova, Antonia Trichopoulou, Eleni Klinaki, Anna Androulidaki, Domenico Palli, Sara Grioni, Carlotta Sacerdote, Rosario Tumino, Salvatore Panico, Marije F Bakker, Guri Skeie, Elisabete Weiderpass, Paula Jakszyn, Aurelio Barricarte, José María Huerta, Esther Molina-Montes, Marcial Argüelles, Ingegerd Johansson, Ingrid Ljuslinder, Timothy J Key, Kathryn E Bradbury, Kay-Tee Khaw, Nicholas J Wareham, Pietro Ferrari, Talita Duarte-Salles, Mazda Jenab, Marc J Gunter, Anne-Claire Vergnaud, Petra A Wark, H B Bueno-de-Mesquita
RÉSUMÉ

Carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E are possibly associated with a reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk through antioxidative properties. The association of prediagnostic plasma concentrations and dietary consumption of carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E with the risk of colon and rectal cancer was examined in this case-control study, nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Plasma concentrations of carotenoids (α- and β-carotene, canthaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, lycopene, zeaxanthin) and vitamins A (retinol), C and E (α-, β- and γ- and δ-tocopherol) and dietary consumption of β-carotene and vitamins A, C and E were determined in 898 colon cancer cases, 501 rectal cancer cases and 1,399 matched controls. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were performed to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). An association was observed between higher prediagnostic plasma retinol concentration and a lower risk of colon cancer (IRR for highest quartile = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.87, p for trend = 0.01), most notably proximal colon cancer (IRR for highest quartile = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.77, p for trend = 0.01). Additionally, inverse associations for dietary β-carotene and dietary vitamins C and E with (distal) colon cancer were observed. Although other associations were suggested, there seems little evidence for a role of these selected compounds in preventing CRC through their antioxidative properties.

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