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一般說明
Sp1 is a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein and a eukaryotic transcription factor. It is a ubiquitously expressed nuclear protein. It is one of the first transcription factors to be identified, and the first whose gene was cloned. It was identified as a host factor in HeLa cells, which interacted with the GC-rich sites in SV40 (Simian virus 40) early promoter, and was crucial for in vitro transcription of this promoter. Sp1 is a single polypeptide chain composed of 778 amino acids, and has a molecular weight of 105kDa.[1]
生化／生理作用
Sp1 binds to GC-rich sequences in a wide variety of promoters. It interacts with cell type or stage-specific transcription factors, and thus, regulates transcription of specific genes. It also controls the formation of the transcription initiation complex.[1] This protein plays a key role in controlling the basal levels of glutathione S-transferase (GSTP1) promoter and the expression of leukotriene C4 synthase gene in the THP-1, a monocyte-like cell line.[2][3]
Sp1 was first detected in HeLa cells on the basis of its ability to activate the SV40 early promoter transcription. Subsequently it was shown to recognize and bind selectively to a GC-rich consensus sequence (GC-box: GGGCGG or CACCC) that presents in the promoter of several important cellular genes, including SV40 early, HIV-1, PDGF-B etc. Sp1 was the first transcription factor to be cloned and. Analysis of structure and function has revealed that Sp1 can be separated into discrete functional domains. The DNA-binding domain consists of three zinc fingers that specifically bind to the GC-box element. Sp1 contains at least four separate transcriptional activation domains. Two of these domains are glutamine-rich, a well-characterized motif found in several other transcription factors. In addition to transcription, Sp1 function has been linked to cell growth, cancer, Huntington disease and other disorders through transcriptional regulation or specific protein-protein interactions. The function of Sp1 can be regulated by phosphorylation and glycosylation.
外觀
Clear and colorless frozen liquid solution
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Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. While working, please keep sample on ice.
儲存類別代碼
10 - Combustible liquids
水污染物質分類（WGK）
WGK 1
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Not applicable
閃點（°C）
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New insights into the multiple functions of Spl, a ubiquitous transcription factor.
Parnaik VK
Current Science, 76(2) , 166-172 (1999)
Sp1-mediated transcriptional activation of the human Pi class glutathione S-transferase promoter.
Moffat GJ et al
The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 271(2), 1054-1060 (1996)
Sp1 and Sp3 function as key regulators of leukotriene C(4) synthase gene expression in the monocyte-like cell line, THP-1.
Serio KJ et al
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, 23(2), 234-240 (2000)
M R Briggs et al.
Science (New York, N.Y.), 234(4772), 47-52 (1986-10-03)
The biochemical analysis of cellular trans-activators involved in promoter recognition provides an important step toward understanding the mechanisms of gene expression in animal cells. The promoter selective transcription factor, Sp1, has been purified from human cells to more than 95
W S Dynan et al.
Cell, 35(1), 79-87 (1983-11-01)
Fractionation of HeLa cell extracts reveals the presence of a promoter-specific transcription factor, Sp 1, which activates a class of promoters that includes the SV40 early promoter but not several others that have been tested. We analyzed SV40 early-promoter deletion
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