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L2880

Sigma-Aldrich

脂多糖 来源于大肠杆菌 055:B5

Lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli O55:B5

purified by phenol extraction

别名:

LPS

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10 MG
$192.00
25 MG
$341.00
100 MG
$792.00
500 MG
$2,860.00

$192.00


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10 MG
$192.00
25 MG
$341.00
100 MG
$792.00
500 MG
$2,860.00

About This Item

CAS号:
EC號碼:
MDL號碼:
分類程式碼代碼:
12352201
NACRES:
NA.25

$192.00


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生物源

Escherichia coli (O55:B5)

品質等級

形狀

lyophilized powder

純化經由

phenol extraction

技術

cell based assay: suitable

雜質

<3% Protein (Lowry)

顏色

off-white to tan

溶解度

water: soluble

應用

cell analysis
clinical research
life science and biopharma

運輸包裝

ambient

儲存溫度

2-8°C

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一般說明

脂多糖 (LPS) 是糖脂,[1]由连接单个或多个脂肪酸的碳水化合物单元组合而成,存在于革兰氏阴性菌细胞壁中。[2]LPS是外膜的重要组成部分,结构由脂质A、葡萄糖胺基磷脂、短核寡糖和O-抗原(远端多糖)组成。[3]

應用

来自大肠杆菌O55:B5的脂多糖已用于:[4]
  • 刺激肝细胞和非实质细胞[5]
  • 刺激脾脏并研究Malitaf基因在鱼钝头鲷中的表达[6]
  • 作为伴刀豆球蛋白A(ConA)和D-半乳糖胺/脂多糖(D-GalN/LPS)暴发性肝炎模型的一部分用于研究天然化合物橙皮素的作用[7]
  • 诱导少突胶质细胞毒性,以评估几种化合物的神经保护作用[8]
  • 诱导大鼠肌少症,以评估载姜黄素疏水表面改性羟基磷灰石的抗氧化作用[9]
脂多糖(LPS)是革兰氏阴性细菌细胞壁的特征组分。脂多糖及其脂质 A 部分通过 Toll 样受体 4(TLR4)刺激先天免疫系统的细胞,Toll 样受体 4是 Toll 样受体蛋白家族的成员,其识别常见的病原体相关分子模式(PAMP)。

生化/生理作用

脂多糖 (LPS) 建立起保护性渗透屏障,阻止抗生素和胆汁盐进入,从而使革兰氏阴性菌具备天然耐药性。LPS影响细菌致病性,毕竟宿主免疫系统主要面对的是细菌LPS成分。LPS是一种内毒素兼高免疫原性抗原,可以增强免疫系统。LPS 的脂质 A 通过 Toll 样受体 4 (TLR4) 刺激宿主细胞。[1]

其他說明

为了全面了解我们针对客户研究提供的各种脂多糖产品,建议您访问我们的碳水化合物分类页面。
如需了解生化试剂系列的更多信息,请填写此表
无论采用什么容器,本品(LPS)都要经过剧烈的涡旋振荡才能达到最佳的复溶效果,以备使用。储存液浓度至少为1 mg/ml。推荐使用硼硅酸(硅烷化)容器,也可使用聚丙烯(PP)塑料容器。

象形圖

Skull and crossbones

訊號詞

Danger

危險聲明

危險分類

Acute Tox. 2 Oral

儲存類別代碼

6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 / very toxic hazardous materials

水污染物質分類(WGK)

WGK 3

閃點(°F)

Not applicable

閃點(°C)

Not applicable

個人防護裝備

Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)


历史批次信息供参考:

分析证书(COA)

Lot/Batch Number

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A liver microphysiological system of tumor cell dormancy and inflammatory
responsiveness is affected by scaffold properties
Clark AM
Cancer Discovery null
Outer membrane permeability and antibiotic resistance
Delcour A H, et al.
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Proteins and Proteomics, 1794(5) , 808-816 (2009)
Promising neuroprotective effects of ?-caryophyllene against LPS-induced oligodendrocyte toxicity: A mechanistic study
Askari V R and Shafiee-Nick R
Biochemical Pharmacology, 159, 154-171 (2019)
Glycolipid biosurfactants: Biosynthesis and related potential applications in food industry
Ashby R D, et al.
Journal of Separation Science, 307-334 (2023)
The protective effect of the natural compound hesperetin against fulminant hepatitis in vivo and in vitro
Xueting Bai
British Journal of Pharmacology, 174 (2017)

商品

Explore the structure, function, and diverse applications of Lipopolysaccharides. Discover their role in bacteria, serological specificity, and research potential.

Questions

1–8 of 8 Questions  
  1. How can I determine the shelf life / expiration / retest date of this product?

    1 answer
    1. If this product has an expiration or retest date, it will be shown on the Certificate of Analysis (COA, CofA). If there is no retest or expiration date listed on the product's COA, we do not have suitable stability data to determine a shelf life. For these products, the only date on the COA will be the release date; a retest, expiration, or use-by-date will not be displayed.
      For all products, we recommend handling per defined conditions as printed in our product literature and website product descriptions. We recommend that products should be routinely inspected by customers to ensure they perform as expected.
      For products without retest or expiration dates, our standard warranty of 1 year from the date of shipment is applicable.
      For more information, please refer to the Product Dating Information document: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/documents/449/386/product-dating-information-mk.pdf

      Helpful?

  2. How is shipping temperature determined? And how is it related to the product storage temperature?

    1 answer
    1. Products may be shipped at a different temperature than the recommended long-term storage temperature. If the product quality is sensitive to short-term exposure to conditions other than the recommended long-term storage, it will be shipped on wet or dry-ice. If the product quality is NOT affected by short-term exposure to conditions other than the recommended long-term storage, it will be shipped at ambient temperature. As shipping routes are configured for minimum transit times, shipping at ambient temperature helps control shipping costs for our customers. For more information, please refer to the Storage and Transport Conditions document: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/documents/316/622/storage-transport-conditions-mk.pdf

      Helpful?

  3. Hi, Can you provide the information regarding molecular weight of this LPS?

    1 answer
    1. The molecular weight of this product has not been determined. In general, the molecular weight of native LPS may range from 1 – 4 million Daltons or higher. When treated with SDS and heat, the molecular weight of LPS may range from 50 to 100 kDa.

      Helpful?

  4. What is the number of acetyl groups attached to the lipid A moiety?

    1 answer
    1. The acyl chain length and number of acyl groups may vary between bacterial species. Certain researchers claim there are 6 acyl groups for LPS from this strain of bacteria. Please refer to those peer reviewed papers below for more information.

      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0939641122002338#:~:text=%5B14%5D%2C%20%5B42%5D,in%20a%20single%20LPS%20structure.

      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16934960/

      Helpful?

  5. Can you provide information on the solubility and solution stability of this product?

    1 answer
    1. LPS products in solution are expected to be stable in phosphate buffered saline at a concentration of 1 mg/mL when stored at 4 °C for at least one month. For long-term storage, it is recommended to use frozen aliquots. In order to prevent LPS binding to glass, it is advisable to store the solution in silanized containers. If glass containers are used, it is recommended to vortex the solutions for at least 30 minutes to dissolve any bound LPS.

      Helpful?

  6. Does the bacterial strain have specific information available, such as whether it originates from a private collection or if there is an associated ATCC number?

    1 answer
    1. Unfortunately, the specific strains used to make L2880 are considered proprietary.

      Helpful?

  7. hello, I was wondering what the best way to reconstitute this LPS is

    1 answer
    1. LPS products can be reconstituted in phosphate buffered saline at 1 mg/mL.

      Helpful?

  8. Which LPS grade should be used to induce neurotoxicity in rats?

    1 answer
    1. There is no Lipopolysaccharide product offered specifically for the induction of neurotoxicity in rats. Escherichia coli strain O55:B5 has been used to induce oligodendrocyte toxicity to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of certain compounds. In addition, Escherichia coli strain O111:B4 has been cited in the literature as suitable for LPS-induced neurotoxicity. For use with animal models, LPS purified by gel filtration is most commonly used to eliminate the risk of any residual solvents.

      Please see the links below to review the E. coli strains O111:B4 and O55:B5 that have been purified by gel filtration:
      Lipopolysaccharides – Glycobiology
      https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/US/en/technical-documents/technical-article/research-and-disease-areas/cell-signaling/lipopolysaccharides
      Lipopolysaccharides – selection table
      https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/US/en/technical-documents/protocol/clinical-testing-and-diagnostics-manufacturing/bacteriology/lipopolysaccharides

      Helpful?

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