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E1145

Sigma-Aldrich

(±)-Epibatidine dihydrochloride hydrate

≥98% (HPLC), powder

Sinônimo(s):

exo-(±)-2-(6-Chloro-3-pyridinyl)-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane dihydrochloride hydrate

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About This Item

Fórmula empírica (Notação de Hill):
C11H13ClN2 · 2HCl · xH2O
Peso molecular:
281.61 (anhydrous basis)
Código UNSPSC:
12352200
ID de substância PubChem:
24894390
NACRES:
NA.77

Ensaio

≥98% (HPLC)

forma

powder

condição de armazenamento

desiccated

cor

off-white

solubilidade

DMSO: >4 mg/mL
methanol: 4 mg/mL

cadeia de caracteres SMILES

Cl[H].Cl[H].[H]O[H].Clc1ccc(cn1)[C@H]2CC3CCC2N3

InChI

1S/C11H13ClN2.2ClH.H2O/c12-11-4-1-7(6-13-11)9-5-8-2-3-10(9)14-8;;;/h1,4,6,8-10,14H,2-3,5H2;2*1H;1H2/t8?,9-,10?;;;/m1.../s1

chave InChI

AXWYRFKDLRSESC-VAGRNHIFSA-N

Ações bioquímicas/fisiológicas

The activity of epibatidine at neuronal and neuromuscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptors was compared with the activity of nicotine and suxamethonium. Activation of ganglionic nicotinic receptors by epibatidine was shown in the guinea-pig ileum (contraction mediated by the cholinergic neurons of the ileum) and in pithed and atropinized rats (rise in blood pressure). Epibatidine also activated nicotinic receptors at the peripheral terminals of afferent C-fibres (rabbit ear) and in the brain (antidiuresis in rats). The agonistic effects of epibatidine were followed by long-lasting receptor desensitization. No antinociceptive effect of epibatidine was seen in rats at a dose free of motor impairment. On muscle end plate nicotinic receptors of the rat diaphragm (not responding to depolarizing agents by contraction), epibatidine was equipotent with suxamethonium in causing neuromuscular inhibition. On an extraocular muscle of the rabbit (responding to depolarizing agents by contraction) epibatidine in vitro and in situ caused a contraction at a 100-fold lower dose than suxamethonium. The Straub tail reaction in mice to epibatidine could be attributed to the sustained stimulation of motor end plate receptors of the "slow contracting" type of muscle fibres by epibatidine. Epibatidine was the most potent agonist on all neuronal and neuromuscular nicotinic receptors examined.

Características e benefícios

This compound is featured on the Acetylcholine Receptors (Nicotinic) page of the Handbook of Receptor Classification and Signal Transduction. To browse other handbook pages, click here.

Outras notas

2024 CiteAb Award Winner for Supplier Succeeding in Parkinson′s Research

Pictogramas

Skull and crossbones
GHS06

Palavra indicadora

Danger

Frases de perigo

H300 + H310

Classificações de perigo

Acute Tox. 2 Dermal - Acute Tox. 2 Oral

Código de classe de armazenamento

6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 / very toxic hazardous materials

Classe de risco de água (WGK)

WGK 3

Ponto de fulgor (°F)

Not applicable

Ponto de fulgor (°C)

Not applicable

Equipamento de proteção individual

Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves, type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges

Certificados de análise (COA)

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Aurora Alvarez-Buylla et al.
eLife, 12 (2024-01-11)
Alkaloids are important bioactive molecules throughout the natural world, and in many animals they serve as a source of chemical defense against predation. Dendrobatid poison frogs bioaccumulate alkaloids from their diet to make themselves toxic or unpalatable to predators. Despite
M W Decker et al.
Biochemical pharmacology, 58(6), 917-923 (1999-10-06)
Pharmacological treatments for pain have come largely from two classes of compounds--the opioids and the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Because of deficiencies associated with these two classes of compounds, exploration of novel approaches to pain relief has intensified of late.
F Lembeck
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 359(5), 378-385 (1999-09-25)
The activity of epibatidine at neuronal and neuromuscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptors was investigated in several in situ and in vitro systems and compared with the activity of nicotine and suxamethonium. Activation of ganglionic nicotinic receptors by epibatidine was shown in
Ali Yehia et al.
Current protocols in pharmacology, 88(1), e73-e73 (2020-02-19)
Automated patch-clamp (APC) systems have become indispensable tools of drug-discovery programs by allowing high-throughput electrophysiology-based screening of ion channel compounds. The recent development and introduction of microfluidics-based APC systems have made it possible to study the interactions of ligand-gated ion
W Sihver et al.
Neuroscience, 94(3), 685-696 (1999-12-01)
The laminar binding distribution of three nicotinic receptor agonists, [3H](-)nicotine, [3H]cytisine, and [3H]epibatidine, and their relation to the [3H]vesamicol binding, which is known to represent the vesicular acetylcholine transport sites, was performed employing in vitro autoradiography on the medial temporal
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