TCS-1102 (DORA-1) is a high-affinity (Ki = 3 nM against [3H]-TCS-1102 for binding hOX1R and Ki = 0.2 nM against [3H]-pyrrolylphenyl analog for binding hOX2R) dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) that potently inhibits calcium mobilization in hOX1R & hOX2R CHO transfectants (IC50 = 17 & 4 nM, respectively). TCS-1102 promotes sleep (50-100 mg/kg p.o.), decreases fear/anxiety (10-20 mg/kg i.p.), and inhibits ADL-orexin B peptide-induced locomotion (by 56%/74%/100% with 15/50/100 mg/kg i.p. 30 min before ADL-XB ICV injection) with good pharmacokinetic properties, brain penetration (Brain/plasma conc. = 2.37 μM/3.50 μM 3 hrs post 100 mg/kg i.p.), and oral availability (Cmax/AUC(0–24h) = 1.21 μM/6.8 μM h and 3.01 μM/12.5 μM h, respectively post 50 and 100 mg/kg p.o. dosage) in rats in vivo.
There are two subtypes of orexin receptors, OX1 and OX2. Signalling pathways have been mapped in much higher detail for OX1 receptors than OX2 receptors. Almost all the detailed studies have been performed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, and we
A series of OX(2)R/OX(1)R dual orexin antagonists was prepared based on a proline bis-amide identified as a screening lead. Through a combination of classical and library synthesis, potency enhancing replacements for both amide portions were discovered. N-methylation of the benzimidazole
Nature chemical biology, 13(2), 235-242 (2016-12-20)
Understanding the pharmacological similarity of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is paramount for predicting ligand off-target effects, drug repurposing, and ligand discovery for orphan receptors. Phylogenetic relationships do not always correctly capture pharmacological similarity. Previous family-wide attempts to define pharmacological relationships
The orexin system consists of two peptides, orexin A and B and two receptors, OX1R and OX2R. It is implicated in learning and memory regulation while controversy remains on its role in modulating hippocampal synaptic plasticity in vivo and in vitro. Here
Frontiers in pharmacology, 6, 257-257 (2015-11-19)
Sleep-wake states are impaired in various neurological disorders. Impairment of sleep-wake states can be an early condition that exacerbates these disorders. Therefore, treating sleep-wake dysfunction may prevent or slow the development of these diseases. Although many gene products are likely
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