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L7261

Sigma-Aldrich

Lipopolysaccharides from Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium

purified by trichloroacetic acid extraction

Synonym(s):

LPS

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About This Item

MDL number:
MFCD00164404
UNSPSC Code:
12352201
NACRES:
NA.25

biological source

Salmonella enterica (Serotype typhimurium)

Quality Level

200

form

lyophilized powder

purified by

trichloroacetic acid extraction

impurities

1-10% Protein (Lowry)

color

white to faint yellow

solubility

water: 0.90-1.10 mg/mL, faintly hazy to hazy, colorless to faintly yellow

shipped in

ambient

storage temp.

2-8°C

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General description

This product is TCA extracted from Salmonella typhimurium. The source strain is ATCC 7823. This LPS serotype has been used to induce NOS in rats and guinea pigs.

Application

Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are characteristic components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS and its lipid A moiety stimulate cells of the innate immune system by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor protein family, which recognizes common pathogen-associated molecular-patterns (PAMPs).

Biochem/physiol Actions

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are localized in the outer layer of the membrane and are, in noncapsulated strains, exposed on the cell surface. They contribute to the integrity of the outer membrane, and protect the cell against the action of bile salts and lipophilic antibiotics.

Preparation Note

The product is soluble in water (5 mg/ml) or cell culture medium (1 mg/ml) yielding a hazy, faint yellow solution. A more concentrated, though still hazy, solution (20 mg/ml) has been achieved in aqueous saline after vortexing and warming to 70-80 oC. Lipopolysaccharides are molecules that form micelles in every solvent. Hazy solutions are observed in water and phosphate buffered saline. Organic solvents do not give clearer solutions. Methanol yields a turbid suspension with floaters, while water yields a homogeneously hazy solution.

Other Notes

To gain a comprehensive understanding of our extensive range of Lipopolysaccharides for your research, we encourage you to visit our Carbohydrates Category page.

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Melissa S Monson et al.
BMC genomics, 19(1), 643-643 (2018-09-01)
Exposure to heat stress suppresses poultry immune responses, which can increase susceptibility to infectious diseases and, thereby, intensify the negative effects of heat on poultry welfare and performance. Identifying genes and pathways that are affected by high temperatures, especially heat-induced
Erika Muller Ramalho Zenha et al.
Journal of inflammation research, 5, 125-135 (2013-01-08)
The use of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has long been considered a stimulus for immune reactivity in leprosy household contacts. Probably, the combination of multidrug therapy with BCG could facilitate the clearance of leprosy bacilli in the host, reduce relapse rates
Maria Fort et al.
Veterinary immunology and immunopathology, 129(1-2), 101-107 (2009-01-27)
The interaction between porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and the pig immune system has been suggested to be a determinant event for the pathogenesis of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). To gain insight into the host immune mechanisms developed upon
Melissa S Monson et al.
Scientific reports, 9(1), 13649-13649 (2019-09-22)
Exposure to high temperatures is known to impair immune functions and disease resistance of poultry. Characterizing changes in the transcriptome can help identify mechanisms by which immune tissues, such as the thymus, respond to heat stress. In this study, 22-day-old
Matthew B Toomey et al.
The Journal of experimental biology, 213(Pt 10), 1709-1716 (2010-05-04)
The costs of developing, maintaining, and activating the immune system have been cited as an important force shaping life-history evolution in animals. Immunological defenses require energy, nutrients and time that might otherwise be devoted to other life-history traits like sexual
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Articles

Lipopolysaccharides for Research – Structure, Function & Applications

Explore the structure, function, and diverse applications of Lipopolysaccharides. Discover their role in bacteria, serological specificity, and research potential.

Our team of scientists has experience in all areas of research including Life Science, Material Science, Chemical Synthesis, Chromatography, Analytical and many others.

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