Orally available, state-dependent, potent and selective T-type calcium channel blocker (Cav3.1, Cav3.2, Cav3.3) with in vivo absence seizure-reducing efficacy.
Z944 is an orally available, state-dependent, potent and selective T-type calcium channel blocker (hCav3.1/Cav3.2/Cav3.3 IC50 by voltage clamp = 50/160/110 nM under ~30% inactivated state & 130/540/260 nM in the closed state) over non-T-type voltage-gated channels (rCaV2.2 IC50 = 11 μM/30% inactivated & 150 μM/closed; hERG/rCaV1.2/hNaV1.5 IC50 = 7.8/32/100 μM). Z944 effectively suppresses seizure activity in the GAERS (absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg) model in vivo (10-30 mg/kg qod ip.) with no adverse cardiovascular effects or neurotoxicity.
The role of T-type calcium channels in brain diseases such as absence epilepsy and neuropathic pain has been studied extensively. However, less is known regarding the involvement of T-type channels in cognition and behavior. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) is a measure
Neuropeptide substance P (SP) is produced and released by a subset of peripheral sensory neurons that respond to tissue damage (nociceptors). SP exerts excitatory effects in the central nervous system, but peripheral SP actions are still poorly understood; therefore, here
Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is associated with interictal co-morbid symptoms including abnormalities in social behaviour. Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) is a model of CAE that exhibits physiological and behavioural alterations characteristic of the human disorder. However, it
Absence seizures are a common seizure type in children with genetic generalized epilepsy and are characterized by a temporary loss of awareness, arrest of physical activity, and accompanying spike-and-wave discharges on an electroencephalogram. They arise from abnormal, hypersynchronous neuronal firing
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