14-3-3σ or stratifin is a protein that is strongly induced by gamma irradiation and other DNA-damaging agents. The induction of 14-3-3σ is mediated by a p53 responsive element. Exogenous introduction of 14-3-3σ into cycling cells results in a G2 cell cycle arrest. Knockout of 14-3-3σ in cells showed that the cells are unable to maintain cell cycle arrest after DNA damage. The 14-3-3σ -/- cells die as they enter mitosis. This process is associated with a failure of the 14-3-3σ-deficient cells to sequester the proteins that initiate mitosis and prevent them from entering the nucleus. Thus, 14-3-3σ plays an important role in maintaining the G2 checkpoint in cells and preventing mitotic death.
14-3-3Sigma is a member of a family of proteins that regulate cellular activity by binding and sequestering phosphorylated proteins. It has been suggested that 14-3-3sigma promotes pre-mitotic cell-cycle arrest following DNA damage, and that its expression can be controlled by
Exposure of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to ionizing radiation results in a cell-cycle arrest in G1 and G2. The G1 arrest is due to p53-mediated induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1/SDI1, but the basis for the G2 arrest is
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