L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and activates both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors, that have been divided into 3 groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties. Group I includes GRM1 and GRM5 and these receptors have been shown to activate phospholipase C. Group II includes GRM2 and GRM3 while Group III includes GRM4, GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8. Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of the cyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities. The canonical alpha isoform of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 gene is a disulfide-linked homodimer whose activity is mediated by a G-protein-coupled phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms; some of which may have distinct functions. (provided by RefSeq)
Immunogen
GRM1 (NP_000829, 387 a.a. ~ 486 a.a) partial recombinant protein with GST tag. MW of the GST tag alone is 26 KDa.
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 95(11), 6480-6485 (1998-05-30)
Loss of neurotransmitter receptors, especially glutamate and dopamine receptors, is one of the pathologic hallmarks of brains of patients with Huntington disease (HD). Transgenic mice that express exon 1 of an abnormal human HD gene (line R6/2) develop neurologic symptoms
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