SRP6195

Hemocyanin-Keyhole Limpet, Native

• Synonym(s): Megathura crenulata hemocyanin, keyhole limpett hemocyanin
• UNSPSC Code: 12352202
• NACRES: NA.32

Properties

• Assay: ≥95%
• form: liquid
• mol wt: 370 kDa (One major band)
• packaging: pkg of 25 mg
• concentration: 25 mg/vial
• shipped in: wet ice
• storage temp.: 2-8°C

Description

General description

Hemocyanins are proteins that use copper binding sites to bind and transport oxygen in a variety of arthropods and mollusks. Hemocyanin is isolated from the hemolymph of the animals.[1]
Hemocyanin is one of the strongest antigens known. Hemocyanin has been in use as an immunological reagent for many years. It is used as a carrier protein for antibody production against antigens. Recent advances in immunology and the role immune system plays in diseases have opened a whole new era of product development activities aimed at developing novel therapeutics for teaching the body′s immune system to fight diseases. The approach involves the use of highly immunogenic molecule like the hemocyanin for non-specific immunostimulation (NSI) or active specific immunostimulation (ASI) using conjugate vaccines, wherein the tumor (disease) specific antigens are covalently bound to carrier protein like KLH and the product used in human clinical studies. Thenative KLH has low endotoxin content and consistent high concentration in a phosphate buffer containing no extraneous metal ions for product stabilization, however with improved stability. This research grade material is suited for use in vaccine product development activities and also for routine immunological studies, antibody production, production of activated KLH and other developmental activities.
Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) is a copper-containing extracellular respiratory protein found in the marine gastropod Megathura crenulata. This protein exists in two isoforms- KLH1 and KLH2. In few pulmonate gastropods this protein is synthesized by connective tissue “pore cells”, where KLH resides as cylindrical macromolecules and even forms intracellular crystalline arrays in the endoplasmic reticulum cisternae.[1] It belongs to the hemocyanin protein family which are found in the hemolymph of many molluscs and arthropods.[2]

Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) is a copper-containing extracellular respiratory protein found in the marine gastropod Megathura crenulata. This protein exists in two isoforms- KLH1 and KLH2. In few pulmonate gastropods this protein is synthesized by connective tissue “pore cells”, where KLH resides as cylindrical macromolecules and even forms intracellular crystalline arrays in the endoplasmic reticulum cisternae.[1] It belongs to the hemocyanin protein family which are found in the hemolymph of many molluscs and arthropods.[2]

Biochem/physiol Actions

In invertebrates, hemocyanin plays the role of haemoglobin as a protein that senses, stores and transports oxygen. Hemocyanin is known to be an essential protein in the immune system of the arthropods. Clotting proteins, proteases, lipoproteins, phospholipids, AMPs (adenosine monophosphate) and microbial proteases and ligands stimulate the action of hemocyanins. It offers protection against parasitism, infection,viremia and physical damages. Hemocyanin has been used to treat cancer as it can induce an immune response.[3]

Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) is a hemocyanin, and its main function is oxygen uptake, transport and release. Hemocyanins exist as oligomers with one or more subunit types. The protein subunit contains the FU (functional unit), which contains a binuclear copper binding site that is capable of binding oxygen. It has potent immunostimulatory properties in animals and human. This protein finds major clinical use in the treatment of bladder carcinoma. It finds use as a carrier for carcinoma ganglioside and mucin-like epitopes, and has potential for the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly epithelially derived adenocarcinoma.[1]

Physical form

25 mg in opalescent blue liquid which may contain some particulate and fibers.

Safety Information

• Storage Class Code: 10 - Combustible liquids
• WGK: WGK 3
• Flash Point(F): Not applicable
• Flash Point(C): Not applicable