(2R,6R)-Hydroxynorketamine is a ketamine metabolite that has rapid antidepressant activity without ketamine-related side effects. The NMDAR antagonist (R,S)-ketamine must be metabolized to (2S,6S;2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine (HNK) to have antidepressant effects. The (2R,6R)-HNK enantiomer appears to be the enantiomer most responsible for antidepressant effects in a mouse study and unlike (2S,6S)-HNK, (2R,6R)-HNK caused no significant changes in locomotion or coordination. (2R,6R)-HNK does not seem to have the same addiction potential as ketamine, since mice did not self-administer pharmacologically relevant doses of (2R,6R)-HNK under the same conditions where ketamine was readily self-administered. The (2R,6R)-HNK antidepressant appears to involve activation of AMPA glutamate receptors rather than inhibition of NMDA glutamate receptors.
Major depressive disorder affects around 16 per cent of the world population at some point in their lives. Despite the availability of numerous monoaminergic-based antidepressants, most patients require several weeks, if not months, to respond to these treatments, and many
Questions
Reviews
★★★★★ No rating value
Active Filters
Nuestro equipo de científicos tiene experiencia en todas las áreas de investigación: Ciencias de la vida, Ciencia de los materiales, Síntesis química, Cromatografía, Analítica y muchas otras.
