G1774

Glucagon

≥95% (HPLC), powder, synthetic

• Formule empirique (notation de Hill): C₁₅₃H₂₂₅N₄₃O₄₉S
• Numéro CAS: 16941-32-5
• Poids moléculaire : 3482.75
• Code UNSPSC : 51111800
• Nomenclature NACRES : NA.32

Propriétés

• Source biologique: synthetic
• Niveau de qualité: 300
• Stérilité: non-sterile
• Pureté: ≥95% (HPLC)
• Forme: powder
• Technique(s): cell based assay: suitable
• Solubilité: 1% acetic acid: 1.00-1.04 mg/mL, clear, colorless; water: 1.00-1.04 mg/mL, clear, colorless
• Adéquation: suitable for molecular biology
• Numéro d'accès UniProt: P01275
• Conditions d'expédition: ambient
• Température de stockage: −20°C
• Chaîne SMILES: Cl[H].[H]N[C@@H](Cc1cnc[nH]1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc2ccccc2)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc3ccc(O)cc3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc4ccc(O)cc4)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc5ccccc5)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc6c[nH]c7ccccc67)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)O)C(O)=O
• InChI: 1S/C153H225N43O49S.ClH/c1-72(2)52-97(133(226)176-96(47-51-246-11)132(225)184-104(60-115(159)209)143(236)196-123(78(10)203)151(244)245)179-137(230)103(58-83-64-167-89-29-19-18-28-87(83)89)183-131(224)95(43-46-114(158)208)177-148(241)120(74(5)6)194-141(234)101(54-79-24-14-12-15-25-79)182-138(231)105(61-117(211)212)185-130(223)94(42-45-113(157)207)171-124(217)75(7)170-127(220)91(31-22-49-165-152(160)161)172-128(221)92(32-23-50-166-153(162)163)174-146(239)110(69-199)191-140(233)107(63-119(215)216)186-134(227)98(53-73(3)4)178-135(228)99(56-81-33-37-85(204)38-34-81)180-129(222)90(30-20-21-48-154)173-145(238)109(68-198)190-136(229)100(57-82-35-39-86(205)40-36-82)181-139(232)106(62-118(213)214)187-147(240)111(70-200)192-150(243)122(77(9)202)195-142(235)102(55-80-26-16-13-17-27-80)188-149(242)121(76(8)201)193-116(210)66-168-126(219)93(41-44-112(156)206)175-144(237)108(67-197)189-125(218)88(155)59-84-65-164-71-169-84;/h12-19,24-29,33-40,64-65,71-78,88,90-111,120-123,167,197-205H,20-23,30-32,41-63,66-70,154-155H2,1-11H3,(H2,156,206)(H2,157,207)(H2,158,208)(H2,159,209)(H,164,169)(H,168,219)(H,170,220)(H,171,217)(H,172,221)(H,173,238)(H,174,239)(H,175,237)(H,176,226)(H,177,241)(H,178,228)(H,179,230)(H,180,222)(H,181,232)(H,182,231)(H,183,224)(H,184,225)(H,185,223)(H,186,227)(H,187,240)(H,188,242)(H,189,218)(H,190,229)(H,191,233)(H,192,243)(H,193,210)(H,194,234)(H,195,235)(H,196,236)(H,211,212)(H,213,214)(H,215,216)(H,244,245)(H4,160,161,165)(H4,162,163,166);1H/t75-,76+,77+,78+,88-,90-,91-,92-,93-,94-,95-,96-,97-,98-,99-,100-,101-,102-,103-,104-,105-,106-,107-,108-,109-,110-,111-,120-,121-,122-,123-;/m0./s1
• Clé InChI: RKGLLHCSSVJTAN-YYICOITRSA-N
• Informations sur le gène: human ... GCG(2641)

Description

Amino Acid Sequence

His-Ser-Gln-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Tyr-Ser-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asp-Ser-Arg-Arg-Ala-Gln-Asp-Phe-Val-Gln-Trp-Leu-Met-Asn-Thr

Description générale

Glucagon (GCG) peptide is secreted in response to insulin from pancreatic islets α-cells.

Glucagon is synthesized from proglucagon and is 29-amino acid peptide hormone. Proglucagon gene is mapped to human chromosome 2q24.2.

Application

Glucagon (GCG) has been:

• used as a component of hormone stock solution for preserving full biological activity of heart tissues obtained from male Sprague-Dawley rats
• used as an infusion in phases II and III fasting king penguins to study the various lipolytic, metabolic, and hormonal responses
• used for the stimulation of PGC-1α expression in hepatocytes
• used to induce the expression of methionine adenosyltransferase α1 (MAT1A), which is involved in the regulation of hepatic levels of S-adenosylmethionine and the adaptive response to fasting
• used to study its effect on stimulation of gluconeogenesis through hepatic lipolysis, mediated by inositol trisphosphate receptor 1 (INSP3R1)
• intraperitoneally injected in mice to assess glucagon-induced Sam68 subcellular localization in vivo

Actions biochimiques/physiologiques

Glucagon (GCG) produces elevation in contractility and the frequency of contraction in heart muscles. It activates PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) and thus, elevates glucose utilization by heart muscles. In multiple mammals, though not humans, this peptide induces lipolysis, and is the major lipolytic hormone in birds. It also induces gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in mammals and birds.

The paired box 6 (PAX6) regulates the expression of glucagon. High levels of glucagon referred to as hyperglucagonemia leads to a high risk of diabetes and is associated with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Defective glucagon hypersecretion is regarded as an etiopathogenic factor.

Composants

H-His-Ser-Gln-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Tyr-Ser-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asp-Ser-Arg-Arg-Ala-Gln-Asp-Phe-Val-Gln-Trp-Leu-Met-Asn-Thr-OH.xHCl

Autres remarques

Lyophilized from 0.1% TFA in H2O

Informations sur la sécurité

• Code de la classe de stockage: 11 - Combustible Solids
• Classe de danger pour l'eau (WGK): WGK 3
• Point d'éclair (°F): Not applicable
• Point d'éclair (°C): Not applicable
• Équipement de protection individuelle: Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)