Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein α (αSNAP) and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein β (βSNAP) are the main constituents of exocytosis machinery. α-SNAP shows 80% homology to β-SNAP. α-SNAP is expressed in all mammalian tissues. β-SNAP is expressed only in brain. αSNAP gene is located on human chromosome 19q13.32. This gene contains 11 exons and 10 introns. In mouse, αSNAP is expressed at high level in the spleen, brain and testis.
Specificity
Anti-α/β-SNAP (KE-20) recognizes α/β-SNAP.
Immunogen
synthetic peptide encoding amino acids 195-214 located near the C-terminus of mouse β-SNAP, conjugated to KLH. The sequence is identical in human and bovine β-SNAP and highly conserved (~80% sequence identity) in human, mouse, rat, and bovine α-SNAP.
Application
Anti-α/β-SNAP, C-terminus (195-214) antibody produced in rabbit may be used in immunoblotting.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein α (αSNAP), a key vesicle fusion regulator can modulate cell-cell adhesions, cell survival, epithelial junctions and store-operated calcium entry. It also plays a key role in the suppression of cell apoptosis and autophagy. Absence of this protein can stimulate non-conventional beclin-1-independent autophagy. Overexpression of αSNAP is observed in patients with Huntington′s diseases. α- and βSNAP is known to control α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPA) receptor trafficking and internalization. αSNAP binding to the soluble NSF attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex, recruits N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) to form a 20S complex. ATP hydrolysis by NSF ATPase activity induces disassembly of the 20S complex, thus facilitating vesicle fusion to the membrane and exocytosis.
Physical form
Solution in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, containing 15 mM sodium azide.
Storage and Stability
For continuous use, store at 2-8 °C for up to one month. For extended storage freeze in working aliquots. Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Storage in "frost-free" freezers is not recommended. If slight turbidity occurs upon prolonged storage, clarify the solution by centrifugation before use. Working dilution samples should be discarded if not used within 12 hours.
Disclaimer
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog, our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
The Journal of cell biology, 139(4), 875-883 (1997-12-31)
N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein (NSF) and alpha-SNAP play key roles in vesicular traffic through the secretory pathway. In this study, NH2- and COOH-terminal truncation mutants of alpha-SNAP were assayed for ability to bind NSF and stimulate its ATPase activity. Deletion of
Autophagy is a catabolic process that sequesters intracellular proteins and organelles within membrane vesicles called autophagosomes with their subsequent delivery to lyzosomes for degradation. This process involves multiple fusions of autophagosomal membranes with different vesicular compartments; however, the role of
Neurotransmitter release proceeds by Ca(2+)-triggered, SNARE-complex-dependent synaptic vesicle fusion. After fusion, the ATPase NSF and its cofactors α- and βSNAP disassemble SNARE complexes, thereby recycling individual SNAREs for subsequent fusion reactions. We examined the effects of genetic perturbation of α-
Tight junctions (TJs) and adherens junctions (AJs) are key determinants of the structure and permeability of epithelial barriers. Although exocytic delivery to the cell surface is crucial for junctional assembly, little is known about the mechanisms controlling TJ and AJ
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