Two indole alkaloids with defense related functions are synthesized in the genus Hordeum of the Triticeae. Gramine (3(dimethyl-amino-methyl)-indole) is found in H. spontaneum and in some varieties of H. vulgare, the benzoxazinoid 2,4-dihydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIBOA) is detected in H. roshevitzii, H.
The Journal of experimental biology, 206(Pt 2), 223-231 (2002-12-13)
Caenorhabditis elegans feeds by rhythmically contracting its pharynx to ingest bacteria. The rate of pharyngeal contraction is increased by serotonin and suppressed by octopamine. Using an electrophysiological assay, we show that serotonin and octopamine regulate two additional aspects of pharyngeal
European journal of medicinal chemistry, 54, 248-254 (2012-06-01)
A series of novel gramine analogues were designed and synthesized via a convenient three-component reaction, and which were evaluated for their inhibition activities against cell proliferation. Their structures were confirmed by satisfactory spectra analyses mainly including (1)H NMR, and ESI-MS
In recent years, the exploration and development of the effective methods of treatment and prevention to algal blooms, especially Microcystis aeruginosa blooms has been an important issue in the field of water environment protection. Allelochemicals (natural plant toxins) are considered
Gramine-MeI salts were useful starting materials for the synthesis of 3-benzyl- and 3-allylindoles by the 1,4-addition of boronic acids to the C=C-C=N linkages generated in situ under Rh(I)-catalysis. On the other hand, under Ir(I) catalysis, the reaction of gramines with
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