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G2044

Sigma-Aldrich

Glucagon

synthetic, powder, suitable for cell culture

Sinónimos:

GlucaGen, Glucagon peptide

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About This Item

Fórmula empírica (notación de Hill):
C153H225N43O49S
Número de CAS:
16941-32-5
Peso molecular:
3482.75
MDL number:
MFCD00167532
UNSPSC Code:
12352209
PubChem Substance ID:
24895084
NACRES:
NA.77
biological source:
synthetic
form:
powder
assay:
≥95% (HPLC)
En este momento no podemos mostrarle ni los precios ni la disponibilidad

biological source

synthetic

Quality Level

200

assay

≥95% (HPLC)

form

powder

potency

0.3-10 μg/mL

technique(s)

cell culture | mammalian: suitable

solubility

0.05 M acetic acid: 1 mg/mL, clear, colorless

shipped in

wet ice

storage temp.

2-8°C

SMILES string

Cl[H].[H]N[C@@H](Cc1cnc[nH]1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc2ccccc2)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc3ccc(O)cc3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc4ccc(O)cc4)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc5ccccc5)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc6c[nH]c7ccccc67)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)O)C(O)=O

InChI

1S/C153H225N43O49S.ClH/c1-72(2)52-97(133(226)176-96(47-51-246-11)132(225)184-104(60-115(159)209)143(236)196-123(78(10)203)151(244)245)179-137(230)103(58-83-64-167-89-29-19-18-28-87(83)89)183-131(224)95(43-46-114(158)208)177-148(241)120(74(5)6)194-141(234)101(54-79-24-14-12-15-25-79)182-138(231)105(61-117(211)212)185-130(223)94(42-45-113(157)207)171-124(217)75(7)170-127(220)91(31-22-49-165-152(160)161)172-128(221)92(32-23-50-166-153(162)163)174-146(239)110(69-199)191-140(233)107(63-119(215)216)186-134(227)98(53-73(3)4)178-135(228)99(56-81-33-37-85(204)38-34-81)180-129(222)90(30-20-21-48-154)173-145(238)109(68-198)190-136(229)100(57-82-35-39-86(205)40-36-82)181-139(232)106(62-118(213)214)187-147(240)111(70-200)192-150(243)122(77(9)202)195-142(235)102(55-80-26-16-13-17-27-80)188-149(242)121(76(8)201)193-116(210)66-168-126(219)93(41-44-112(156)206)175-144(237)108(67-197)189-125(218)88(155)59-84-65-164-71-169-84;/h12-19,24-29,33-40,64-65,71-78,88,90-111,120-123,167,197-205H,20-23,30-32,41-63,66-70,154-155H2,1-11H3,(H2,156,206)(H2,157,207)(H2,158,208)(H2,159,209)(H,164,169)(H,168,219)(H,170,220)(H,171,217)(H,172,221)(H,173,238)(H,174,239)(H,175,237)(H,176,226)(H,177,241)(H,178,228)(H,179,230)(H,180,222)(H,181,232)(H,182,231)(H,183,224)(H,184,225)(H,185,223)(H,186,227)(H,187,240)(H,188,242)(H,189,218)(H,190,229)(H,191,233)(H,192,243)(H,193,210)(H,194,234)(H,195,235)(H,196,236)(H,211,212)(H,213,214)(H,215,216)(H,244,245)(H4,160,161,165)(H4,162,163,166);1H/t75-,76+,77+,78+,88-,90-,91-,92-,93-,94-,95-,96-,97-,98-,99-,100-,101-,102-,103-,104-,105-,106-,107-,108-,109-,110-,111-,120-,121-,122-,123-;/m0./s1

InChI key

RKGLLHCSSVJTAN-YYICOITRSA-N

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Categorías relacionadas

Amino Acid Sequence

His-Ser-Gln-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Tyr-Ser-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asp-Ser-Arg-Arg-Ala-Gln-Asp-Phe-Val-Gln-Trp-Leu-Met-Asn-Thr

General description

Glucagon is a peptide hormone of 29 amino acids secreted by alpha cells in the pancreas. Its release is controlled by hypothalamus when glucose levels in the blood decreases.[1] The C-terminal region of glucagon is crucial for receptor binding.[2]

Application

Glucagon has been used:
  • in the stimulation of human primary hepatocytes for cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production[3]
  • for measuring glucagon response in mice[4]
  • to induce gluconeogenic stimuli in primary hepatocytes[5]

Biochem/physiol Actions

Glucagon functions to elevate glucose by activating GCGR in liver mediating the glucose circulation in blood.[6] The hyperglucagonemia elevated levels of glucagon is observed in diabetes[1] and in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, post gastric bypass surgery and glucagon based tumors.[7]

Components

H-His-Ser-Gln-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Tyr-Ser-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asp-Ser-Arg-Arg-Ala-Gln-Asp-Phe-Val-Gln-Trp-Leu-Met-Asn-Thr-OH.xHCl

Other Notes

This product is a chemically synthesized glucagon qualified for use in cell culture applications.

Physical form

powder-0 °C; stock-frozen in working aliquots, avoid repeated freeze/thaw

Storage Class

11 - Combustible Solids

wgk_germany

WGK 3

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

ppe

Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)

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Certificados de análisis (COA)

Lot/Batch Number
0000373635
0000324456
0000373635
0000324451
0000343409

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Visite la Librería de documentos

Fatty acids-stress attenuates gluconeogenesis induction and glucose production in primary hepatocytes
Budick-Harmelin N, et al.
Lipids in Health and Disease, 11(1), 66-66 (2012)
Lipodystrophy due to adipose tissue-specific insulin receptor knockout results in progressive NAFLD
Softic S, et al.
Diabetes, 65(8), 2187-2200 (2016)
Camille Huet et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 295(18), 5836-5849 (2020-03-19)
The cellular energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a metabolic regulator that mediates adaptation to nutritional variations to maintain a proper energy balance in cells. We show here that suckling-weaning and fasting-refeeding transitions in rodents are associated with changes
Structure-conformation-activity studies of glucagon and semi-synthetic glucagon analogs
Hruby VJ
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 44(1), 49-64 (1982)
Problem or solution: The strange story of glucagon
Scott RV and Bloom SR
Peptides, 100, 36-41 (2018)
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Questions

  1. Which of the products, G2044 or G1774, is more suitable for in-vivo application?

    1 answer

    1. G2044 and G1774 have not been validated for in vivo application. However, there is a citation suggesting that G2044 is effective for in vivo application, which may serve as a valuable reference for protocols.

      Reference: Cell Rep. 2017 Mar 28;18(13):3192-3203. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.005. Title: Pancreatic α Cell-Derived Glucagon-Related Peptides Are Required for β Cell Adaptation and Glucose Homeostasis PMID: 28355570

      The citation involves the use of synthetic glucagon dissolved in PBS (20mg/kg body weight; G2044; Sigma) being i.p. injected 1 minute prior to glucose administration.

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