Catenin α is a novel actin-binding and -bundling protein. Catenin α is responsible for organizing and tethering actin filaments at the zones of E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell contact. Monomeric Catenin α can bind strongly to E-Cadherin-β-Catenin, whereas the dimer preferentially binds actin filaments. Different molecular conformations are associated with these different binding states, indicating that Catenin α is an allosteric protein. Catenin α directly regulates actin-filament organization by suppressing Arp2/3-mediated actin polymerization, likely by competing with the Arp2/3 complex for binding to actin filaments
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 92(19), 8813-8817 (1995-09-12)
Calcium-dependent homotypic cell-cell adhesion, mediated by molecules such as E-cadherin, guides the establishment of classical epithelial cell polarity and contributes to the control of migration, growth, and differentiation. These actions involve additional proteins, including alpha- and beta-catenin (or plakoglobin) and
Epithelial cell-cell junctions, organized by adhesion proteins and the underlying actin cytoskeleton, are considered to be stable structures maintaining the structural integrity of tissues. Contrary to the idea that alpha-catenin links the adhesion protein E-cadherin through beta-catenin to the actin
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