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L8754

Lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris (red kidney bean)

Phytohemagglutinin PHA-P, lyophilized powder

Synonym(s):

Phaseolus vulgaris agglutinin, PHA

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About This Item

UNSPSC Code:
12352202
EC Number:
232-718-7
NACRES:
NA.32
Form:
lyophilized powder
Biological source:
Phaseolus vulgaris
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biological source

Phaseolus vulgaris

Quality Segment

300

form

lyophilized powder

potency

≤62.5 μg per mL agglutination activity, ≤10 μg/mL mitogenic activity

impurities

salt, free

storage temp.

2-8°C

General description

PHAs are carbohydrate-binding proteins. There are several types of PHAs identified, predominantly in leguminous plants.
Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA, or phytohemagglutinin) is a lectin found in plants (esp. in legumes). It is obtained from Phaseolus vulgaris (red kidney beans) and acts as a mitogen in human leucocyte culture.[1]

Application

It has also been used as an antigen to measure in vivo T-cell-mediated immune responsiveness.
Lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris (red kidney bean) has been used in phytohemagglutinin (PHA) assay[2] and during assessment of cellular and humoral immunity.[3]

Biochem/physiol Actions

PHA consists of two molecular species, an erythroagglutinin (PHA-E) which has low mitogenic activity and high erythroagglutinin activity, and leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) which has high mitogenic and leucoagglutinating activity, but very low erythroagglutinating activity.
PHA-E is not blood group specific, but agglutination can be inhibited by certain oligosaccharides. PHA-P is the protein form of PHA prior to separation and purification of erythroagglutinin and leucoagglutinin. PHA-M is the mucoprotein form. Conjugates are prepared from the corresponding purified lectins.

Analysis Note

Agglutination activity is expressed in mg/ml and is determined from serial dilutions of a 1 mg/ml solution. This activity is the lowest concentration to agglutinate a suspension of 2% human erythrocytes in phosphate buffered saline, pH 6.8, after 1 hr incubation at 25 °C. Mitogenic activity is determined by BrdU incorporation in HeLa cell cultures.

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L2769L8902L4144
Lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris (red kidney bean) Phytohemagglutinin PHA-P, lyophilized powder

Sigma-Aldrich

L8754

Lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris (red kidney bean)

Lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris (red kidney bean) Leucoagglutinin PHA-L, lyophilized powder

Sigma-Aldrich

L2769

Lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris (red kidney bean)

Lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris (red kidney bean) Phytohemagglutinin PHA-M, lyophilized powder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture

Sigma-Aldrich

L8902

Lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris (red kidney bean)

Lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris (red kidney bean) Leucoagglutinin PHA-L, lyophilized powder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture

Sigma-Aldrich

L4144

Lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris (red kidney bean)

biological source

Phaseolus vulgaris

biological source

Phaseolus vulgaris

biological source

-

biological source

-

form

lyophilized powder

form

lyophilized powder

form

lyophilized powder

form

lyophilized powder

storage temp.

2-8°C

storage temp.

2-8°C

storage temp.

2-8°C

storage temp.

2-8°C

impurities

salt, free

impurities

salt, free

impurities

salt, free

impurities

salt, free

Quality Level

300

Quality Level

200

Quality Level

200

Quality Level

200

potency

≤62.5 μg per mL agglutination activity, ≤10 μg/mL mitogenic activity

potency

erythroagglutination activity (Does not agglutinate a 2% suspension of human erythrocytes at <62.5 μg lectin/ml.), ≤1.0 μg/mL leucoagglutination activity, ≤5 μg/mL mitogenic activity

potency

<40 μg per mL agglutination activity

potency

erythroagglutination activity (Does not agglutinate a 2% suspension of human erythrocytes at 250 μg lectin/ml.), ≤1.0 μg per mL leucoagglutination activity, ≤5 μg per mL mitogenic activity (Bromdeoxyuridine incorporation in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells)

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Storage Class

11 - Combustible Solids

wgk

WGK 3

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

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Questions

  1. What do the designations -P, -L, -M, and -E represent in the names of PHA products?

    1 answer

    1. Generally, PHA-P or PHA-L is utilized to stimulate lymphocytes, although PHA-M will also work, but not to the same degree. The most active form is PHA-L (the mitogenic concentration is < 5μg/ml). PHA, or Phytohemagglutinin, comprises two molecular species:

      1. Erythroagglutinin (PHA-E), which demonstrates low mitogenic activity and high erythroagglutinating activity.

      2. Leucoagglutinin (PHA-L), which possesses high mitogenic and leucoagglutinating activity, accompanied by very low erythroagglutinating activity.

      PHA-P represents the protein form of PHA before the erythroagglutinin and leucoagglutinin components are separated and purified. PHA-M refers to the mucoprotein form of Phytohemagglutinin.

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