Calpastatin is a protein encoded by the CAST gene in humans. Calpastatin is an endogenous inhibitor of the ubiquitous calcium dependent proteinases μ- and m-calpain. It plays a key role in many cellular physiological and pathological processes. Calpastatin level is very important for controlling calpain activity.
Specificity
Epitope mapping studies indicate the epitope is between amino acids 543-673 (domain IV) of human calpastatin. By immunoblotting, the antibody may detect bands at 150, 125, 90 and 70 kDa, which have been suggested to be proteins translated from different start sites of the calpastatin gene. It does not cross-react with calpains or calmodulin. By immunoblotting, reactivity is observed with human platelets and erythrocytes, bovine platelets, heart and skeletal muscle and in rat myoblasts, kidney, liver and spleen. By immunofluorescence on pig LLC-PK1 cells, diffuse cytoplasmic staining is observed.
Immunogen
calpastatin from bovine skeletal muscle.
Application
Monoclonal Anti-Calpastatin antibody produced in mouse is suitable for indirect immunofluorescence at a dilution of 1:200 and for western blotting at a dilution of 1:5,000.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Calpastatin availability in cytosol is controlled by Ca2+ and cyclic AMP. Prolonged calpain activation promotes degradation of calpastatin. Calpastatin is found to be overexpressed in mycoplasma-contaminated cultured cells. CAST gene is found to be involved in genetic susceptibility to Keratoconus (KC), a genetically heterogeneous corneal dystrophy. It is also found to be associated with Parkinson′s disease (PD) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).
Physical form
Solution in phosphate buffered saline and contains 0.05% sodium azide.
Disclaimer
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
Recent studies point to an association between the late-onset sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs1559085 and rs27852 in Ca(2+)-dependent protease calpain inhibitor calpastatin (CAST) gene. This finding is of interest since loss of CAST activity could
The Journal of biological chemistry, 283(31), 21371-21381 (2008-06-12)
The c-Myc transcription factor is commonly dysregulated in cancer. c-Myc also sensitizes cells to apoptosis induced by a variety of toxic events. c-Myc turnover is rapid and mediated by the proteasome and intracellular calpains. Therefore, c-Myc accumulation could contribute to
Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 437(1), 69-77 (2005-04-12)
Calpastatin is a specific endogenous protein inhibitor of the ubiquitous calcium dependent proteinases mu- and m-calpain. The calpain-calpastatin system is involved in various physiological and pathological processes. In the present study, we determined the bovine calpastatin gene structure and demonstrated
Journal of biochemistry, 113(5), 591-599 (1993-05-01)
Calpain requires Ca2+ for both proteolysis of its substrates and interaction with its endogenous inhibitor, calpastatin. The mechanism of inhibition of calpain by calpastatin has remained unsolved, although Nishimura and Goll [J. Biol. Chem. 266, 11842-11850 (1991)] reported that autolyzed
Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 60(12), 2669-2678 (2003-12-20)
The amount of calpastatin directly available in cytosol is under the control of [Ca2+] and [cyclic AMP]. Prolonged calpain activation also promotes degradation of calpastatin. The fluctuation of calpastatin concentration in cell soluble fraction is accompanied by an initial decrease
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