Recommended Products
biological source
Bacillus subtilis
Quality Level
form
lyophilized powder
lipid type
polymerizable lipids
shipped in
ambient
storage temp.
2-8°C
Biochem/physiol Actions
Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a complex component of cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria that are involved in a wide range of cell processes such as the stimulation of immune responses and cell signaling pathways. LTA differs between species of gram-positive bacteria. Lipoteichoic acid from Bacillus subtilis may be used to compare its structure, immunogenicity and functions versus other bacterial LTAs.
Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a teichoic acid attached to a lipid abundant on Gram-positive bacteria cell wall. LTA is a pathogen-associated molecular-patterns (PAMP) recognized by Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), This recognition leads to the activation of NF-kB.
Storage Class Code
11 - Combustible Solids
WGK
WGK 3
Flash Point(F)
Not applicable
Flash Point(C)
Not applicable
Personal Protective Equipment
dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves
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Young Hee Ryu et al.
International immunopharmacology, 9(1), 127-133 (2008-11-18)
Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a major immunostimulating component in the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria as lipopolysaccharide of Gram-negative bacteria. However, LTA is expressed on not only pathogenic but also nonpathogenic Gram-positive bacteria. In order to examine whether the immunostimulating
Intrinsic nitric oxide-stimulatory activity of lipoteichoic acids from different Gram-positive bacteria.
Zidek Z, Farghali H, Kmonickova E.
Nitric Oxide, 232, 300-310 (2010)
Bing Yang et al.
PloS one, 8(5), e64106-e64106 (2013-05-30)
Insect prophenoloxidase (PPO) is essential for physiological functions such as melanization of invading pathogens, wound healing and cuticle sclerotization. The insect PPO activation pathway is well understood. However, it is not very clear how PPO is released from hemocytes and
Xiang-Jun Rao et al.
Developmental and comparative immunology, 34(10), 1119-1128 (2010-07-06)
Activation of prophenoloxidase and synthesis of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are two important innate immune mechanisms in insects. In the current study, we investigated immune responses activated by three major bacterial components, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (including rough mutants of LPS), lipoteichoic acid
Siegfried Morath et al.
Journal of endotoxin research, 11(6), 348-356 (2005-11-24)
The role of lipoteichoic acids (LTAs) from Gram-positive bacteria as immunostimulatory molecules was controversial for many years, as inadequate preparation methods as well as heterogeneous and endotoxin-contaminated commercial preparations led to conflicting results. An improved purification methodology for LTA now
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