immunoprecipitation (IP): 5-10 μg using 0.5 mg of RIPA extract of human HeLa cells western blot: 0.1-0.2 μg/mL using whole extract of mouse NIH3T3 cells western blot: 0.2-0.4 μg/mL using whole extract of rat brain
Tuberin is encoded by the gene tuberous sclerosis complex subunit 2 (TSC2) which is mapped on the human chromosome at 16p13.3. Tuberin gene is widely expressed in mammalian cell lines and tissues. It co-localizes with hamartin in most tissues and cell types. Tuberin is found in cytosolic, microsomal, cytoskeletal, and vesicular fractions and in certain cells. It is also localized to the nucleus.
Specificity
Anti-Tuberin (VV-18) recognizes human, rat, and mouse tuberin.
Immunogen
synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid residues 1790-1807 of human tuberin with N-terminal added cysteine, conjugated to KLH. The corresponding sequence differs by two amino acids in rat and mouse tuberin.
Application
Anti-Tuberin (VV-18) antibody produced in rabbit may be used in immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Tuberin along with hamartin plays a role in the regulation of cell cycle, cell growth and cell differentiation. It also plays a role in cell adhesion and vesicular trafficking. Tuberin has a guanidine triphosphatase (GTPase) activating protein homology (GAP) domain thatis involved in the regulation of the small GTPase Ras homolog enriched in brain (RHEB) both in vitro and in vivo. Tuberin along with hamartin forms a functional cytoplasmic complex that inhibits growth by inhibiting phosphorylation of S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and 4E binding protein 1 (4EBP1), probably through their upstream modulator mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Mutations in the tuberous sclerosis complex subunit 2 (TSC2) gene are associated with tuberous sclerosis (TSC), an autosomal dominant hereditary disease characterized by mental retardation, seizures and benign tumors (hamartomas) in multiple organs including the kidney, brain, heart and skin. Tuberin and hamartin are involved in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/ Akt signal transduction pathway.
Physical form
Solution in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, containing 15 mM sodium azide.
Storage and Stability
For continuous use, store at 2-8 °C for up to one month. For extended storage, freeze in working aliquots. Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Storage in frost-free freezers is also not recommended. If slight turbidity occurs upon prolonged storage, clarify the solution by centrifugation before use. Working dilu-tions should be discarded if not used within 12 hours.
Disclaimer
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog, our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
Tuberous sclerosis complex gene products, Tuberin and Hamartin, control mTOR signaling by acting as a GTPase-activating protein complex toward Rheb
Tee A R, et al.
Current Biology, 13(15), 1259-1268 (2003)
Tumour suppressors hamartin and tuberin: intracellular signalling
Krymskaya V P
Cellular Signalling, 15(8), 729-739 (2003)
Identification of the tuberous sclerosis complex-2 tumor suppressor gene product tuberin as a target of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/akt pathway
Manning B D, et al.
Molecular Cell, 10(1), 151-162 (2002)
Loss of heterozygosity is detected at chromosomes 1p35-36 (NB), 3p25 (VHL), 16p13 (TSC2/PKD1), and 17p13 (TP53) in microdissected apocrine carcinomas of the breast.
Lininger R A, et al.
Modern Pathology, 12(12), 1083-1089 (1999)
Tuberin, the tuberous sclerosis complex 2 tumor suppressor gene product, regulates Rho activation, cell adhesion and migration
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