Tumor necrosis factors are important inflammatory cytokines and modulate the immune responses. TNF-α and TNF-β are two closely related cytokines. TNF-β is also known as lymphotoxin-α or LT-α and is produced by T lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation. TNF-α and TNF-β show 30% homology but also have different biological and molecular functions. TNF-β is not found on the cell surface but is bound to the cell membrane in association with LT β and binds strongly to TNFR1 and TNFR2 receptors. TNF-β is expressed by B cells, CD4+ cells, CD8+ cells, macrophages and natural killer cells. Studies indicate the important role of TNF-β in the development of lymphoid organs, maintenance of lymphoid environment, host defense responses against certain infections caused by Mycobacterium-italics, Staphylococcus-italics, Leishmania-italics and Plasmodium-italics. Increased levels of TNF-β have been observed in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor-β antibody specifically reacts and neutralizes human TNF-β. It does not neutralize the biological activity of either human or mouse TNF-β.
Specificity
The antibody will neutralize the biological activity of recombinant human TNF-β.
Immunogen
human recombinant TNF-β.
Application
Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor-β antibody may be used to neutralize the biological activity of recombinant or natural human TNF-β at a final concentration of 1 ng/ml. The antibody may be used at a working concentration of 1.0 μg/ml for indirect ELISA and at 2 μg/ml concentration for immunoblotting.
Physical form
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in phosphate buffered saline.
Preparation Note
Purified using protein G.
Disclaimer
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
Arthritis research & therapy, 13(4), 232-232 (2011-08-25)
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting synovial joints. Therapies blocking tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) are now routinely used in the management of RA. However, a significant number of patients with RA do not respond or develop resistance
Annual review of immunology, 23, 787-819 (2005-03-18)
Lymphotoxins (LT) provide essential communication links between lymphocytes and the surrounding stromal and parenchymal cells and together with the two related cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and LIGHT (LT-related inducible ligand that competes for glycoprotein D binding to herpesvirus entry
The Journal of biological chemistry, 271(16), 9778-9784 (1996-04-19)
The role for the two tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors in discriminating TNF and lymphotoxin alpha (LTalpha) effects has been studied. TNF and LTalpha were equally mitogenic in Fs4 fibroblasts, which express a high amount of the p55 compared to
Lymphocyte in vitro cytotoxicity: lymphotoxins of several mammalian species.
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common complication of diabetes. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) cancer susceptibility candidate 2 (CASC2) is reported to exert a protective role in DN by a previous study. The working mechanism underlying the protective role of CASC2
Our team of scientists has experience in all areas of research including Life Science, Material Science, Chemical Synthesis, Chromatography, Analytical and many others.