T1654

Transforming Growth Factor-β1 from human platelets

TGF-β1, lyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture, 1 × 10⁶ U/mg

• Synonym(s): TGF-β1
• MDL number: MFCD00166089
• UNSPSC Code: 12352202
• NACRES: NA.77

Properties

• biological source: human
• assay: ≥97% (SDS-PAGE and N-terminal analysis)
• form: lyophilized powder
• potency: 0.04-0.3 ng/mL ED₅₀/EC₅₀
• quality: endotoxin tested
• specific activity: 1 × 10⁶ U/mg
• mol wt: protein 25 kDa
• packaging: pkg of 1 μg; pkg of 10 μg
• storage condition: avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles
• technique(s): cell culture | mammalian: suitable
• impurities: ≤1 EU/μgtested (LAL test)
• UniProt accession no.: P01137
• storage temp.: −20°C
• Gene Information: human ... TGFB1(7040)

Description

General description

The biologically active form of TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β1 human) exists as a disulphide-linked homodimer. In mammals, three isoforms of TGF-β has been identified : TGF-β1, TGF-β2 and TGF-β3.[1] TGF-β1 encodes a 25 kDa peptide. TGF-β1 precursor polypeptide is characterized with hydrophobic signal sequence, pro-region and mature peptide.[2][1] Cleavage of the precursor at tetrabasic cleavage site results in monomers of carboxy-terminal 112 amino acids.[1] The TGF-β1 gene is mapped to human chromosome 19q13.2.[3]

Application

Transforming Growth Factor-β1 from human platelets has been used

• to study the induction of a-smooth muscle actin by transforming growth factor-1 (TGF-β1) in breast cancer cells.[4]
• to study the efficiency of TGF-β1 in promoting embryonic stem-like cell proliferation with or without feeders.[5]
• as control to analyse the isolated TGF-β1 HPLC using reverse-phase chromatography.[6]
• to induce profibrotic response in renal fibroblasts and further study functional role for Smad3 (mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3) T388 phosphorylation.[7]

Biochem/physiol Actions

TGF-β1 plays a key role in embryogenesis and tissue homeostasis. TGF-β1 is fundamentally involved in differentiation by mediating adipogenesis, myogenesis, chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, epithelial cell differentiation and immune cell function. TGF-β1 is a multifunctional peptide capable of influencing cell proliferation, migration, death, tissue growth, and other functions in a wide range of cell types.[8] TGF-β1 is associated with the developmental and metastasis of colorectal cancer.[9] Downregulation of TGF-β1 might lead to many disease conditions, including tumor formation.[8]

Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is produced by many cell types, but is reported to be most concentrated in mammalian platelets, where it is present at approximately four times the level of TGF-β2.

Physical form

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in 35% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFA, containing 50 ug of BSA per 1 ug cytokine

Analysis Note

The biological activity is measured by its ability to inhibit the IL-4-dependent proliferation of mouse HT-2 cells.

Safety Information

• Storage Class: 13 - Non Combustible Solids
• wgk_germany: WGK 3
• flash_point_f: Not applicable
• flash_point_c: Not applicable