SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3) belongs to the receptor-regulated SMADs (R-SMADs) family. It is encoded by the gene mapped to human chromosome 15q22.33. SMAD3 is expressed in various tissues and is characterized with two conserved MH1 domains at N-terminal end and a MH2 domain at C-terminal end.
Specificity
Anti-SMAD3 recognizes human SMAD3.
Immunogen
peptide corresponding to an internal region of human SMAD3, conjugated to KLH. The corresponding sequence is identical in mouse, rat, monkey, dog, pig and bovine.
Biochem/physiol Actions
SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3) functions as an intracellular signaling molecule in the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) pathway. Phosphorylated SMAD3 can form a complex with SMAD4, which translocates to the nucleus and regulates gene expression. SMAD3-SMAD4 complex can also interact with c-Jun and c-Fos at the activator protein 1 (AP-1) /SMAD site to regulate TGF-β-mediated transcription. SMAD3 has an inhibitory effect on wound healing. It also serves as a regulator of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis and inhibits early healing of bone fractures. SMAD3 gene polymorphisms leads to the development of osteoarthritis (OA).
Physical form
Solution in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, containing 15 mM sodium azide.
Storage and Stability
For continuous use, store at 2-8 °C for up to one month. For extended storage, freeze in working aliquots. Repeated freezing and thawing, or storage in “frost-free” freezers,is not recommended. If slight turbidity occurs upon prolonged storage, clarify the solution by centrifugation before use. Working dilutions should be discarded if not used within 12 hours.
Disclaimer
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