CTLA4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4), also known as IDDM12 or CD152 (cluster of differentiation), is a T cell receptor which belongs to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily. It is expressed on the surface of T helper cells. This gene is localized to human chromosome 2q33. This protein is composed of a cytosolic domain, a transmembrane region and a V domain of 116 amino acids. Alternative splicing of IDDM12 results in membrane and soluble forms. The membrane form works as homodimers and the soluble isoforms work as monomers.
Biochem/physiol Actions
CTLA4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4) or insulin dependent diabetes mellitus 12 (IDDM12) is responsible for inhibiting T-cell proliferation and facilitates T cell apoptosis. This protein is expressed post-antigen presentation and thus, is involved in immune and autoimmune disorders. It is implicated in the pathogenesis of various T cell mediated autoimmune disorders.
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The codon 17 polymorphism of the CTLA4 gene in type 1 diabetes mellitus in the Baghdad population
Najwa Sh, et al.
Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation (2014)
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