Lambda (λ) light chain has an amino-terminal variable region and carboxy-terminal constant region. λ chain is biologically important and constitutes 30 to 40% of human immunoglobulin (Ig) molecules. The human λ locus is mapped to human chromosome 22.
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Immunoglobulins (Ig) are produced by the B cells and play crucial role in host humoral immune response. A typical immunoglobulin consists of two heavy chains and two light chains. The two light chains are either κ or the λ chain. The B cells express one type of light chain during their life time.
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The detection of monoclonal free light chains (FLCs) is an important diagnostic aid for a variety of monoclonal gammopathies and is especially important in light-chain diseases, such as light-chain myeloma, primary systemic amyloidosis, and light-chain-deposition disease. These diseases are more
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