Cellular responses to BMP-4 are mediated by the formation of hetero-oligomeric complexes of type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors. BMPs stimulate angiogenesis by inducing the production of VEGF A by osteoblasts. Mature human and mouse BMP-4 demonstrates 98% and 100% homology, respectively, to mature rat BMP-4.
Physical form
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in 30% acetonitrile and 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid containing 50 μg of bovine serum albumin per 1 μg of cytokine.
Analysis Note
The biological activity is measured by its ability to induce alkaline phosphatase production by C2C12 myoblasts.
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multifunctional cytokines, which are members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily. Activities of BMPs are extracellularly regulated by BMP-binding proteins, Noggin and Chordin. BMPs bind to two different types of serine-threonine kinase receptors, type
During bone formation and fracture healing there is a cross-talk between endothelial cells and osteoblasts. We previously showed that vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) might be an important factor in this cross-talk, as osteoblast-like cells produce this angiogenic factor
Heparins are broadly used for the prevention and treatment of thrombosis and embolism. Yet, osteoporosis is considered to be a severe side effect in up to one third of all patients on long-term treatment. However, the mechanisms underlying this clinical
Human molecular genetics, 24(11), 3119-3132 (2015-02-26)
Chordin-Like 1 (CHRDL1) mutations cause non-syndromic X-linked megalocornea (XMC) characterized by enlarged anterior eye segments. Mosaic corneal degeneration, presenile cataract and secondary glaucoma are associated with XMC. Beside that CHRDL1 encodes Ventroptin, a secreted bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonist, the
Cancer cell international, 20, 197-197 (2020-06-09)
Radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery have made crucial strides in glioblastoma treatment, yet they often fail; thus, new treatment and new detection methods are needed. Aberrant expression of Nanos3 has been functionally associated with various cancers. Here, we sought to identify
Cancer stem cell media, spheroid plates and cancer stem cell markers to culture and characterize CSC populations.
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