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E2271

Sigma-Aldrich

Ectoine

osmoprotectant

Synonym(s):

(S)-2-Methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid, Thp(B)

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C6H10N2O2
CAS Number:
96702-03-3
Molecular Weight:
142.16
Beilstein:
7288977
EC Number:
431-910-1
MDL number:
MFCD03419286
UNSPSC Code:
12352204
PubChem Substance ID:
24894465
NACRES:
NA.25

Quality Level

200

Assay

≥98.0% (HPLC)
≥98.0% (TLC)

form

powder

mol wt

142.16

storage temp.

room temp

SMILES string

CC1=N[C@@H](CCN1)C(O)=O

InChI

1S/C6H10N2O2/c1-4-7-3-2-5(8-4)6(9)10/h5H,2-3H2,1H3,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/t5-/m0/s1

InChI key

WQXNXVUDBPYKBA-YFKPBYRVSA-N

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General description

Ectoine is a natural cyclic tetrahydropyrimidine, which is a low molecular weight, water-binding and organic osmolyte. It is a part of a class of small molecule chaperones (SMCs).

Biochem/physiol Actions

Ectoine acts as an osmoprotectant in a wide variety of microorganisms including heterotrophic, halophilic bacteria and non-halophilic bacteria such as Streptomyces species and E.coli. This compatible solute exhibit protective effects in E.coli during drying and storage. Ectoine is implicated in protein and lipid bilayer stabilization. It also regulates the preservation of turgor pressure and ameliorates desiccation stress. It may be used to treat inflammatory diseases such as, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ectoine can cause DNA structural changes in vitro and protects DNA from ionizing radiation (IR). It prevents insulin amyloid formation in vitro.

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 1

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Ectoine and hydroxyectoine inhibit aggregation and neurotoxicity of Alzheimer?s beta-amyloid
Kanapathipillai M, et al.
Febs Letters, 579(21), 4775-4780 (2005)
G Malin et al.
Journal of bacteriology, 178(2), 385-395 (1996-01-01)
The metabolic responses of a number of Streptomyces strains to osmotic and heat stress were studied by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. During cell growth in a chemically defined medium supplemented with 0.5 M NaCl, tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives (THPs), 2-methyl-4-carboxy-5-hydroxy-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine [THP(A)]
Biosynthesis of the stress-protectant and chemical chaperon ectoine: biochemistry of the transaminase EctB
Bremer E, et al.
Frontiers in Microbiology, 10, 2811-2811 (2019)
Ectoine-containing cream in the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis: a randomised, comparator-controlled, intra-individual double-blind, multi-center trial
Marini A, et al.
Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 27(2), 57-65 (2014)
Denise Freimark et al.
Cryobiology, 63(2), 67-75 (2011-05-31)
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have great potential for clinical therapy and regenerative medicine. One major challenge concerning their application is the development of an efficient cryopreservation protocol since current methods result in a poor viability and high differentiation rates.
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