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L9017

Sigma-Aldrich

Lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris (red kidney bean)

Phytohemagglutinin PHA-P, BioXtra, purified by affinity chromatography, lyophilized powder

Synonym(s):

Phaseolus vulgaris agglutinin, PHA

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About This Item

EC Number:
232-718-7
UNSPSC Code:
12352202
NACRES:
NA.32

biological source

Phaseolus vulgaris

product line

BioXtra

form

lyophilized powder

potency

≤17 μg per mL agglutination activity

purified by

affinity chromatography

impurities

salt, essentially free

storage temp.

2-8°C

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General description

Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins, that contains four subunits with a molecular weight of 125 kDa. Leucoagglutinin PHA-L is a plant lectin, which is transported by the neurons in the central nervous system.

Application

Lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris (red kidney bean) has been used:
  • for phytohemagglutinin (PHA) swelling assay
  • for lymphocyte activation assay
  • to evaluate cell-mediated immune response

Biochem/physiol Actions

Lectin agglutinates cells and precipitates polysaccharides and glycoproteins. It has anti-cancer, anti-human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV) and anti-microbial infection properties. Lectin is associated with toxic allergens and hemagglutinins. Lectin inhibits mucosal atrophy, lowers type 2 diabetes and obesity, enhances nutrient absorption and regulates drug targeting.
PHA consists of two molecular species, an erythroagglutinin (PHA-E) which has low mitogenic activity and high erythroagglutinin activity, and leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) which has high mitogenic and leucoagglutinating activity, but very low erythroagglutinating activity.
PHA-E is not blood group specific, but agglutination can be inhibited by certain oligosaccharides. PHA-P is the protein form of PHA prior to separation and purification of erythroagglutinin and leucoagglutinin. PHA-M is the mucoprotein form. Conjugates are prepared from the corresponding purified lectins.

Quality

Mitogenic activity at ≤10 μg per mL.

Analysis Note

Agglutination activity is expressed in mg/mL and is determined from serial dilutions of a 1 mg/mL solution. This activity is the lowest concentration to agglutinate a suspension of 2% human erythrocytes in phosphate buffered saline, pH 6.8 after 1 hr incubation at 25 °C. Mitogenic activity is determined by BrdU incorporation.

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Diane L Bolton et al.
PLoS pathogens, 13(6), e1006445-e1006445 (2017-06-28)
CD4 T cells harboring HIV-1/SIV represent a formidable hurdle to eradicating infection, and yet their detailed phenotype remains unknown. Here we integrate two single-cell technologies, flow cytometry and highly multiplexed quantitative RT-PCR, to characterize SIV-infected CD4 T cells directly ex
The Lectins: Properties, Functions, and Applications in Biology and Medicine (2012)
Charlotte D C C van der Heijden et al.
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 105(5) (2019-12-26)
Primary aldosteronism (PA) confers an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), independent of blood pressure. Animal models have shown that aldosterone accelerates atherosclerosis through proinflammatory changes in innate immune cells; human data are scarce. The objective of this article is
Chickadees faced with unpredictable food increase fat reserves but certain components of their immune function decline
Cornelius EA, et al.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology : Pbz, 90(2), 190-200 (2017)
Nasrin Rashidi et al.
Poultry science, 99(11), 5896-5906 (2020-11-05)
Probiotics, toxin binders, and plant extracts improve health and immunity of broiler chickens exposed to aflatoxin. The effects of licorice extract (LE), Protexin probiotic, toxin binder (Agrabound), and poultry litter biochar (PLB) in experimental aflatoxicosis were evaluated. In a completely
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