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  • Comparison of TiO2 nanoparticle and graphene-TiO2 nanoparticle composite phototoxicity to Daphnia magna and Oryzias latipes.

Comparison of TiO2 nanoparticle and graphene-TiO2 nanoparticle composite phototoxicity to Daphnia magna and Oryzias latipes.

Chemosphere (2014-07-23)
Shibin Li, Xuan Pan, Lindsay K Wallis, Zhaoyang Fan, ZuLiang Chen, Stephen A Diamond
PMID25048889
ABSTRACT

With a dramatic rise in complexity, needs of nanotoxicology research go beyond simple forms of nanomaterials. This study compared the phototoxicity of nano-TiO2 and graphene-TiO2 nanocomposite (GNP). GNP was synthesized based on a hydrothermal method, which simultaneously performed the reduction of graphene oxide and nano-TiO2 loading. A series of acute toxicity tests of nano-TiO2, graphene and GNP was performed on two aquatic organisms, Daphnia magna and Oryzias latipes. Fast and substantial agglomeration and sedimentation of nanoparticles in test media and surface attachment of nano-TiO2 and GNP on D. magna surface was observed. Similar phototoxicity of nano-TiO2 and GNP for both species existed, though compared with nano-TiO2, GNP had a 2.3-fold increase in visible light photocatalytic ROS generation. In summary, this study demonstrated the significance of illumination spectrum, particle behavior, and species sensitivity on nanophototoxicity, and the needs for research on increasingly sophisticated functional materials.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description
700347
Sigma-Aldrich
Titanium(IV) oxide, mixture of rutile and anatase, nanoparticles, <150 nm particle size (volume distribution, DLS), dispersion, 40 wt. % in H2O, 99.5% trace metals basis
GF00761217
Titanium, wire reel, 200m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.6+%
GF47404201
Titanium, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.20mm, annealed, 99.6+%
GF91672139
Titanium, wire reel, 20m, diameter 0.05mm, hard, 99.8%
GF34996685
Titanium, wire reel, 200m, diameter 0.125mm, annealed, 99.6+%
GF91204466
Titanium, wire reel, 5m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.6+%
GF43403431
Titanium, wire reel, 500m, diameter 0.20mm, annealed, 99.6+%
GF36425707
Titanium, wire reel, 200m, diameter 0.20mm, annealed, 99.6+%
GF31085760
Titanium, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.99+%
GF46592949
Titanium, wire, straight, 1000mm, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.6+%
GF43519945
Titanium, wire reel, 2m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.99+%
GF96391402
Titanium, wire reel, 25m, diameter 0.20mm, annealed, 99.6+%
GF55775975
Titanium, wire reel, 25m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.6+%
GF14377631
Titanium, wire reel, 25m, diameter 0.25mm, annealed, 99.6+%
GF51690663
Titanium, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.6+%
GF50624434
Titanium, wire reel, 200m, diameter 0.25mm, annealed, 99.6+%
GF29584187
Titanium, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 2.03mm, inside diameter 1.55mm, wall thickness 0.24mm, annealed, 99.6+%
GF90731505
Titanium, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 0.51mm, inside diameter 0.35mm, wall thickness 0.08mm, annealed, 99.6+%
GF97204990
Titanium, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.25mm, annealed, 99.6+%
GF71783354
Titanium, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.75mm, as drawn, 99.6+%
GF95731960
Titanium, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 3.0mm, inside diameter 1.5mm, wall thickness 0.75mm, annealed, 99.6+%
GF08595119
Titanium, wire reel, 100m, diameter 1.0mm, annealed, 99.6+%
GF71020235
Titanium, wire reel, 0.5m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.6+%
GF16213553
Titanium, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.125mm, annealed, 99.6+%
GF16602768
Titanium, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.99+%
GF72193114
Titanium, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 2.03mm, inside diameter 1.63mm, wall thickness 0.2mm, annealed, 99.6+%
GF23860144
Titanium, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 6.35mm, inside diameter 4.57mm, wall thickness 0.89mm, annealed, 99.6+%
GF06813525
Titanium, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.6+%
GF56868766
Titanium, wire reel, 25m, diameter 1.0mm, annealed, 99.6+%
GF61228403
Titanium, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.75mm, as drawn, 99.6+%