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Degradation of sulphamethazine by means of an improved photo-Fenton process involving a hydrogen peroxide systematic dosage.

Degradation of sulphamethazine by means of an improved photo-Fenton process involving a hydrogen peroxide systematic dosage.

Environmental technology (2014-06-25)

Evelyn Yamal-Turbay, Lydia Pérez González, Moisès Graells, Montserrat Pérez-Moya

ABSTRACT

Despite being acknowledged as an emerging contaminant, sulphamethazine (SMT) degradation has received scarce attention in the advanced oxidation processes field. Thus, this work addresses the degradation of SMT in water solutions (12 L of 25mgL-1 samples) by means of a photo-Fenton process and a systematic H202 dosage protocol that enhances its performance. A conventional photo-Fenton process led to 86% mineralization after 120 min treatment when adding the Fenton reactants at once (initial concentrations were 10mgL-1 Fe(II) and 200mgL-1 H2O2). Conversely, the process achieved the total mineralization of the samples in less than 75 min when the same amount of H202 was continuously dosed according to a conveniently tuned dosage protocol. In both cases, total SMT degradation was achieved within 10 min. Hence, this work's aim is to determine the efficient dosage conditions of H2O2. The results show that a significant improvement of the photo-Fenton mineralization of SMT solutions is possible by adjusting the dosage of H2O2.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich

Carbonyl iron, ≥97% Fe basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Iron, ≥99%, reduced, powder (fine)

Sigma-Aldrich

Iron, granular, 10-40 mesh, >99.99% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Iron, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Iron, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Iron, powder, <10 μm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

Iron, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.01mm, 99.85%

Iron, microfoil, disks, 10mm, thinness 0.15μm, specific density 176.7μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.99+%

Iron, rod, 100mm, diameter 19mm, as drawn, soft ingot 99.8%

Iron, rod, 1000mm, diameter 19mm, as drawn, soft ingot 99.8%

Iron, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.038mm, hard, 99.5%

Iron, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.001mm, 99.85%

Iron, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.004mm, 99.85%

Iron, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.075mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

Iron, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.05mm, hard, 99.5%

Iron, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.125mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

Iron, rod, 1000mm, diameter 9.5mm, as drawn, soft ingot 99.8+%

Iron, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.9mm, as rolled, 99.5%

Iron, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.125mm, hard, 99.5%

Iron, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.005mm, 99.85%

Iron, rod, 200mm, diameter 6.35mm, as drawn, soft ingot 99.8%

Iron, rod, 150mm, diameter 6.0mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

Iron, rod, 100mm, diameter 12.7mm, as drawn, 98+%

Iron, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 1.0mm, as rolled, 99.5%

Iron, foil, 5m coil, thickness 0.038mm, hard, 99.5%

Iron, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.003mm, 99.85%

Iron, foil, 50mm disks, thickness 0.15mm, hard, 99.5%

Iron, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.015mm, 99.85%

Iron, foil, 5m coil, thickness 0.05mm, hard, 99.5%

Iron, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.99+%