Palladium-catalysed hydroxylation and alkoxylation.

Palladium-catalysed hydroxylation and alkoxylation.

Chemical Society reviews (2011-06-07)

Stephan Enthaler, Anna Company

ABSTRACT

The formation of oxygen-carbon bonds is one of the fundamental transformations in organic synthesis. In this regard the application of palladium-based catalysts has been extensively studied during recent years. Nowadays it is an established methodology and the success has been proven in manifold synthetic procedures. This tutorial review summarizes the advances on palladium-catalysed C-O bond formation, means hydroxylation and alkoxylation reactions.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

686468

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, nanopowder, <25 nm particle size (TEM), ≥99.5%

203998

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder or granules, 99.99% trace metals basis

348678

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 1.0 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

348643

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, 99.98% trace metals basis

464651

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder, <75 μm, 99.9% trace metals basis

203939

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder, 99.995% trace metals basis

267082

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, sponge, 99.9% trace metals basis

267112

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

267120

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 0.025 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

326666

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder, <1 μm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

287474

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 0.5 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

373206

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, evaporation slug, diam. × L 0.6 cm × 0.6 cm, 99.95% trace metals basis

348694

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, wire, diam. 0.5 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

GF23374661

Palladium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.50mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF90427866

Palladium, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF60084424

Palladium, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF74894136

Palladium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF94632576

Palladium, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.075mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF60234533

Palladium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF69074916

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.00075mm, permanent polyester support, 99.75%

GF55245821

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF36936399

Palladium, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.03mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF03781863

Palladium, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF47081437

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 150x150mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF96794409

Palladium, wire reel, 25m, diameter 0.125mm, hard, 99.95%

GF35974356

Palladium, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.125mm, hard, 99.95%

GF15900713

Palladium, microfoil, disks, 25mm, thinness 0.5μm, specific density 303.4μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.99%

GF22660264

Palladium, wire reel, 0.1m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.95%

GF75251909

Palladium, microfoil, disks, 10mm, thinness 0.05μm, specific density 63.6μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.99%

GF90054659

Palladium, rod, 50mm, diameter 6.0mm, 99.95%