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L2012

Sigma-Aldrich

Lipopolysaccharides from Salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis

purified by gel-filtration chromatography

Synonym(s):

LPS

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About This Item

MDL number:
MFCD00131520
UNSPSC Code:
12352201
NACRES:
NA.25

biological source

Salmonella enterica (Serotype enteritidis)

Quality Level

200

form

lyophilized powder

purified by

gel-filtration chromatography

impurities

<1% Protein

color

white to faint yellow

solubility

water: 4.90-5.10 mg/mL, cloudy to hazy, colorless to faintly yellow

shipped in

ambient

storage temp.

2-8°C

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General description

This product is extracted from Salmonella enteritidis and purified by gel filtration. The source strain is ATCC 13076. Lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella enteritidis is mutagenic in murine spleen cells and causes a plaque-forming response in those cells.

Application

Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are characteristic components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS and its lipid A moiety stimulate cells of the innate immune system by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4).

Biochem/physiol Actions

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are localized in the outer layer of the membrane and are, in noncapsulated strains, exposed on the cell surface. They contribute to the integrity of the outer membrane, and protect the cell against the action of bile salts and lipophilic antibiotics.

Preparation Note

The product is soluble in water (5 mg/ml) or cell culture medium (1 mg/ml) yielding a hazy, faint yellow solution. A more concentrated, though still hazy, solution (20 mg/ml) has been achieved in aqueous saline after vortexing and warming to 70-80 oC. Lipopolysaccharides are molecules that form micelles in every solvent. Hazy solutions are observed in water and phosphate buffered saline. Organic solvents do not give clearer solutions. Methanol yields a turbid suspension with floaters, while water yields a homogeneously hazy solution.

Other Notes

To gain a comprehensive understanding of our extensive range of Lipopolysaccharides for your research, we encourage you to visit our Carbohydrates Category page.

Storage Class

11 - Combustible Solids

wgk_germany

WGK 3

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Laman K Mamedova et al.
The Journal of nutritional biochemistry, 24(8), 1499-1507 (2013-03-08)
Saturated free fatty acids (FFA) can activate inflammatory cascades including the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway. TLR4 is expressed by hepatocytes and may help link FFA to altered hepatic gluconeogenesis in type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study examined the role
A Zarbock et al.
British journal of pharmacology, 155(3), 357-364 (2008-07-01)
Acute lung injury (ALI) remains a major challenge in critical care medicine. Both neutrophils and chemokines have been proposed as key components in the development of ALI. The main chemokine receptor on neutrophils is CXCR2, which regulates neutrophil recruitment and
Basilia Zingarelli et al.
Immunology, 124(1), 51-57 (2007-11-22)
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory properties in endotoxic shock and sepsis. One phenomenon that alters the inflammatory response to endotoxin [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)] is endotoxin tolerance, which is caused by previous exposure to endotoxin. Here
Jörg Reutershan et al.
European journal of immunology, 39(6), 1597-1607 (2009-06-06)
The Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) has a high affinity for CC and CXC chemokines. However, it lacks the ability to induce cell responses that are typical for classical chemokine receptors. The role of DARC in inflammatory conditions remains
Graciliana Lopes et al.
PloS one, 7(2), e31145-e31145 (2012-02-10)
Bacterial and fungal infections and the emerging multidrug resistance are driving interest in fighting these microorganisms with natural products, which have generally been considered complementary to pharmacological therapies. Phlorotannins are polyphenols restricted to brown seaweeds, recognized for their biological capacity.
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