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04635

Supelco

Metformin hydrochloride

pharmaceutical secondary standard; traceable to USP and PhEur

Synonym(s):

1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride, Metformin

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About This Item

Linear Formula:
NH2C(=NH)NHC(=NH)N(CH3)2 · HCl
CAS Number:
1115-70-4
Molecular Weight:
165.62
EC Number:
214-230-6
MDL number:
MFCD00012582
UNSPSC Code:
41116107
PubChem Substance ID:
329747963

grade

certified reference material
pharmaceutical secondary standard

agency

traceable to Ph. Eur. M0605000
traceable to USP 1396309

mp

223-226 °C (lit.)

application(s)

clinical testing

format

neat

storage temp.

2-8°C

SMILES string

Cl[H].CN(C)C(=N)NC(N)=N

InChI

1S/C4H11N5.ClH/c1-9(2)4(7)8-3(5)6;/h1-2H3,(H5,5,6,7,8);1H

InChI key

OETHQSJEHLVLGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Gene Information

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Biochem/physiol Actions

Metformin is an antidiabetic agent that reduces blood glucose levels and improves insulin sensitivity. Its metabolic effects, including the inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis, are mediated at least in part by activation of the LKB1-AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) pathway. Activation of this pathway also appears to be involved in the antiproliferative and proapoptotic actions of metformin in cancer cell lines.

pictograms

Exclamation mark
GHS07

signalword

Warning

hcodes

H302,H319

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Irrit. 2

Storage Class

11 - Combustible Solids

wgk_germany

WGK 1

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

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J De Jager et al.
Journal of internal medicine, 257(1), 100-109 (2004-12-21)
The UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) showed that treatment with metformin decreases macrovascular morbidity and mortality independent of glycaemic control. We hypothesized that metformin may achieve this by improving endothelial function and chronic, low-grade inflammation. Data on this issue are
Nicolas Musi et al.
Diabetes, 51(7), 2074-2081 (2002-06-28)
Metformin is an effective hypoglycemic drug that lowers blood glucose concentrations by decreasing hepatic glucose production and increasing glucose disposal in skeletal muscle; however, the molecular site of metformin action is not well understood. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity increases
L C Morin-Papunen et al.
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 85(9), 3161-3168 (2000-09-22)
Metformin, a biguanide antihyperglycemic drug, has been shown to improve ovarian function and glucose metabolism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but results concerning its effects on insulin sensitivity are controversial. Oral contraceptive pills are commonly used in the
P S Gillies et al.
Drugs, 60(2), 333-343 (2000-09-13)
Pioglitazone is an orally administered insulin sensitising thiazolidinedione agent that has been developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Pioglitazone activates the nuclear peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma), which leads to the increased transcription of various proteins regulating
P H Marathe et al.
British journal of clinical pharmacology, 50(4), 325-332 (2000-09-30)
The purpose of this in vivo human study was to assess the effect of altered gastric emptying and gastrointestinal motility on the absorption of metformin in healthy subjects. An open-label, three treatment, three period crossover study was conducted in 11
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