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F3506

Sigma-Aldrich

N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe

≥97% (HPLC)

Synonym(s):

Chemotactic peptide, N-Formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine, fMLF, fMLP (misnomer but widely used)

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C21H31N3O5S
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
437.55
Beilstein:
2315783
MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
12352200
PubChem Substance ID:
NACRES:
NA.32

Quality Level

Assay

≥97% (HPLC)

form

powder

mol wt

437.55

storage condition

(Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place)

technique(s)

activity assay: suitable

solubility

acetic acid: 20 mg/mL, clear, colorless

storage temp.

−20°C

SMILES string

CSCC[C@H](NC=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)C(O)=O

InChI

1S/C21H31N3O5S/c1-14(2)11-17(23-19(26)16(22-13-25)9-10-30-3)20(27)24-18(21(28)29)12-15-7-5-4-6-8-15/h4-8,13-14,16-18H,9-12H2,1-3H3,(H,22,25)(H,23,26)(H,24,27)(H,28,29)/t16-,17-,18-/m0/s1

InChI key

PRQROPMIIGLWRP-BZSNNMDCSA-N

Gene Information

human ... FPR1(2357)

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Amino Acid Sequence

NFor-Met-Leu-Phe

General description

N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe is a chemotactic peptide, which functions on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), neutrophils etc.

Research area: Cell signaling

Application

N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe has been used for:

  • creating gradients in Zigmond chamber chemotaxis assay performed on neutrophils
  • neutrophil chemotaxis assay
  • determination of the involvement of MAPK-activating protein kinase-2 (MAPKAPK-2) and/or p38, in the signaling pathway of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) stimulated by N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe.

Biochem/physiol Actions

N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe induced chemotaxis in phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3K)γ-/- neutrophils, and promotes adhesion, polymerization of F-actin, Fcγ receptor-mediated phagocytosis and intracellular Ca2+ release. It acts as an inflammatory agent and activates polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) without the formation of 5-hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4). Its effects on neutrophils and the inhibition of adenylate cyclase are inhibited by pertussis toxin.
Potent chemotactic peptide. Induces a metabolic burst in macrophages accompanied by an increase in respiratory rate, secretion of lysosomal enzymes, and production of superoxide anion.
Potent inducer of leucocyte chemotaxis and macrophage activator. Receptors that bind formylpeptides are found on phagocytic neutrophils and have recently been identified on cells of the intestinal mucosa.

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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John A L Meeuwsen et al.
Cells, 9(2) (2020-02-23)
: Introduction: Preeclampsia (PE) represents a hypertensive pregnancy disorder that is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This increased risk has been attributed to accelerated atherosclerosis, with inflammation being a major contributor. Neutrophils play an important role in the
Carlos José Correia Santana et al.
Biomolecules, 10(5) (2020-05-24)
In recent years, the number of new antimicrobial drugs launched on the market has decreased considerably even though there has been an increase in the number of resistant microbial strains. Thus, antimicrobial resistance has become a serious public health problem.
P M Lad et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 82(3), 869-873 (1985-02-01)
Pertussis toxin inhibits the N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMet-Leu-Phe) mediated human neutrophil functions of enzyme release, superoxide generation, aggregation, and chemotaxis. As pertussis toxin modifies the GTP binding receptor-regulatory protein "Ni," the association of the fMet-Leu-Phe receptor with such a protein was further
Michael Hannigan et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99(6), 3603-3608 (2002-03-21)
Confocal imaging and time-lapsed videomicroscopy were used to study the directionality, motility, rate of cell movement, and morphologies of phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma (PI3K)gamma(-/-) neutrophils undergoing chemotaxis in Zigmond chambers containing N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe gradients. Most of the PI3Kgamma(-/-) neutrophils failed to translocate
Masoud Nasri et al.
Haematologica, 105(3), 598-609 (2019-06-30)
A Autosomal-dominant ELANE mutations are the most common cause of severe congenital neutropenia. Although the majority of congenital neutropenia patients respond to daily granulocyte colony stimulating factor, approximately 15 % do not respond to this cytokine at doses up to

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