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Supelco

Paraquat dichloride hydrate

PESTANAL®, analytical standard

Synonym(s):

1,1′-Dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dichloride hydrate, Gramoxone, Methyl viologen dichloride, Paraquat dichloride

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C12H14Cl2N2 · xH2O
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
257.16 (anhydrous basis)
Beilstein:
3752782
MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
41116107
PubChem Substance ID:
NACRES:
NA.24

grade

analytical standard

Quality Level

product line

PESTANAL®

shelf life

limited shelf life, expiry date on the label

technique(s)

HPLC: suitable
gas chromatography (GC): suitable

application(s)

agriculture
environmental

format

neat

storage temp.

2-8°C

SMILES string

C[N+]1=CC=C(C2=CC=[N+](C)C=C2)C=C1.[Cl-].[Cl-].O

InChI

1S/C12H14N2.2ClH.H2O/c1-13-7-3-11(4-8-13)12-5-9-14(2)10-6-12;;;/h3-10H,1-2H3;2*1H;1H2/q+2;;;/p-2

InChI key

RLGVBTFWTZJYIL-UHFFFAOYSA-L

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General description

Paraquat dichloride hydrate is a dipyridilium compound, which can find wide applications as a contact herbicide in weed control management. Its mode of action involves the destruction of plant tissue, via disruption of photosynthesis process and rupturing cell membranes leading to desiccation of foliage.

Application

Refer to the product′s Certificate of Analysis for more information on a suitable instrument technique. Contact Technical Service for further support.

Legal Information

PESTANAL is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 2 Dermal - Acute Tox. 2 Inhalation - Acute Tox. 3 Oral - Aquatic Acute 1 - Aquatic Chronic 1 - Eye Irrit. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2 - STOT RE 1 - STOT SE 3

Target Organs

Respiratory system

Storage Class Code

6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 / very toxic hazardous materials

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

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Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Lot/Batch Number

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Inhibition of c-Src protects paraquat induced microvascular endothelial injury by modulating caveolin-1 phosphorylation and caveolae mediated transcellular permeability
Yu H and Qing H
Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 52, 62-68 (2017)
Field Dissiation Kinetics of Paraquat in Acid Soil as Function of Concentration and its Residues in Tea Leaves
Janaki.P and Chinnusamy.C
Asian Journal of Chemistry, 28, 1639-1639 (2016)
Kriti Chaplot et al.
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Ecology and evolution, 10(12), 5680-5693 (2020-07-02)
Stress is a widespread phenomenon that all organisms must endure. Common in nature is oxidative stress, which can interrupt cell homeostasis to cause cell damage and may be derived from respiration or from environmental exposure through diet. As a result
Hiroki Nagai et al.
Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms, 25(5), 343-349 (2020-02-23)
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) often injure intestinal epithelia that cause loss of damaged cells, which is mainly repaired by proliferation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs). To maintain the homeostatic state, coordination of sensing of the ROS injury and the subsequent

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