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L4524

Sigma-Aldrich

Lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli O55:B5

purified by ion-exchange chromatography, TLR ligand tested

Synonym(s):

LPS

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About This Item

EC Number:
297-473-0
MDL number:
MFCD00164401
UNSPSC Code:
12352201
NACRES:
NA.25

biological source

Escherichia coli (O55:B5)

Quality Level

200

form

lyophilized powder

purified by

ion-exchange chromatography

impurities

<1% Protein
<1% RNA

color

white to yellow cast

solubility

water: soluble

shipped in

ambient

storage temp.

2-8°C

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General description

This product is extracted from E. coli serotype O55:B5 and purified by ion exchange. The source strain is CDC 1644-70. The LPS O55:B5 has been used to stimulate human peritoneal macrophages at 1 ng/mL and to stimulate equine peritoneal macrophages at 1-100 ng/mL.

Application

Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are characteristic components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS and its lipid A moiety stimulate cells of the innate immune system by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor protein family, which recognizes common pathogen-associated molecular-patterns (PAMPs).

Biochem/physiol Actions

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are localized in the outer layer of the membrane and are, in noncapsulated strains, exposed on the cell surface. They contribute to the integrity of the outer membrane, and protect the cell against the action of bile salts and lipophilic antibiotics.

Preparation Note

The product is soluble in water (5 mg/ml) or cell culture medium (1 mg/ml) yielding a hazy, faint yellow solution. A more concentrated, though still hazy, solution (20 mg/ml) has been achieved in aqueous saline after vortexing and warming to 70-80 oC. Lipopolysaccharides are molecules that form micelles in every solvent. Hazy solutions are observed in water and phosphate buffered saline. Organic solvents do not give clearer solutions. Methanol yields a turbid suspension with floaters, while water yields a homogeneously hazy solution.

Other Notes

To gain a comprehensive understanding of our extensive range of Lipopolysaccharides for your research, we encourage you to visit our Carbohydrates Category page.

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Product No.
Description
Pricing

Pictograms

Skull and crossbones
GHS06

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Statements

H300

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 2 Oral

Storage Class Code

6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 / very toxic hazardous materials

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

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Arij Faksh et al.
Pediatric research, 79(3), 391-400 (2015-11-06)
Antenatal inflammation and preterm birth are associated with the development of airway diseases such as wheezing and asthma. Utilizing a newborn mouse model, we assessed the effects of maternal inflammation and postnatal hyperoxia on the neonatal airway. Pregnant C57/Bl6 dams
Hung-Yen Chou et al.
PloS one, 13(5), e0196890-e0196890 (2018-05-09)
The purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, has a complex and robust immune system that is mediated by a number of multi-gene families including the SpTransformer (SpTrf) gene family (formerly Sp185/333). In response to immune challenge from bacteria and various pathogen-associated
Ryoichi Ishibashi et al.
Scientific reports, 6, 25955-25955 (2016-05-18)
Kidney diseases including diabetic nephropathy have become huge medical problems, although its precise mechanisms are still far from understood. In order to increase our knowledge about the patho-physiology of kidney, we have previously identified >300 kidney glomerulus-enriched transcripts through large-scale
Michael Junkin et al.
Cell reports, 15(2), 411-422 (2016-04-07)
Cells receive time-varying signals from the environment and generate functional responses by secreting their own signaling molecules. Characterizing dynamic input-output relationships in single cells is crucial for understanding and modeling cellular systems. We developed an automated microfluidic system that delivers
Kuppusamy Balamurugan et al.
Nature communications, 4, 1662-1662 (2013-04-12)
Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) has a pivotal role in innate immune responses, and the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein delta (C/EBPδ, Cebpd) is a Tlr4-induced gene. Here we identify a positive feedback loop in which C/EBPδ activates Tlr4 gene expression
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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major component of Gram-negative bacteria, important for microbiological research.

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