The Product Information sheet of product "P5318" suggests that this grade of Pepstatin A may not be soluble, even at low levels of alcohol or DMSO, unless 10% acetic acid is added. It seems that the purer the material, the less soluble it becomes in ethanol, methanol, or DMSO. In contrast, the less pure material P4265 is highly soluble in any of the solvents mentioned at 25mg/mL. Therefore, it is advisable to add some acetic acid, either by titrating it or adding it directly to 10% acetic acid/ethanol to dissolve this inhibitor.
P5318
Pepstatin A
powder, ≥90% (HPLC)
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About This Item
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C34H63N5O9
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
685.89
NACRES:
NA.77
PubChem Substance ID:
UNSPSC Code:
12352202
EC Number:
247-600-0
MDL number:
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
2201362
Pricing and availability is not currently available.
Product Name
Pepstatin A, microbial, Purity ≥98%
biological source
microbial
Quality Segment
form
powder
mp
233 °C (dec.) (lit.)
solubility
0.8-1.2 mg/mL (1% AcOH in Methanol (mix well))
storage temp.
2-8°C
SMILES string
CC(C)C[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)C[C@H](O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CC(C)C)C(C)C)C(C)C)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O
InChI
1S/C34H63N5O9/c1-17(2)12-23(37-33(47)31(21(9)10)39-34(48)30(20(7)8)38-27(42)14-19(5)6)25(40)15-28(43)35-22(11)32(46)36-24(13-18(3)4)26(41)16-29(44)45/h17-26,30-31,40-41H,12-16H2,1-11H3,(H,35,43)(H,36,46)(H,37,47)(H,38,42)(H,39,48)(H,44,45)/t22-,23-,24-,25-,26-,30-,31-/m0/s1
InChI key
FAXGPCHRFPCXOO-LXTPJMTPSA-N
General description
Pepstatin A is a naturally occurring chemotactic peptide and inhibitor of aspartic proteases that was initially isolated from culture filtrates of various Actinomycetes species, with the initial name simply of “pepstatin”. This name was later modified to “pepstatin A” to distinguish the original pepstatin from later derivatives. Pepstatin A notably contains the unusual amino acid 4-amino-hydroxy-6-methylheptanoic acid (AHMHA), which is known also as statine. The amino acid sequence of pepstatin A is N-Isovaleryl-L-Valyl-L-Valyl-AHMHA-L-Alanyl-AHMHA.
Application
Can be used in conjunction with E64-d and Leupeptin A to inhibit the degradation of autophagic cargo inside autophagosomes. For this application, the working concentration is typically between 1-10 μM.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Pepstatin A is an inhibitor of acid proteases (aspartyl peptidases). It forms a 1:1 complex with proteases such as pepsin, renin, cathepsin D, bovine chymosin, and protease B (Aspergillus niger). The inhibitor is highly selective and does not inhibit thiol proteases, neutral proteases, or serine proteases. Solubilized γ-secretase and retroviral protease are also inhibited by Pepstatin A. It has been used to characterize proteases from several sources.
Potent inhibitor of acid proteases, including pepsin, renin and cathepsin D and many microbial aspartic proteases. Effective concentration 1 μM. Stable for about 1 day.
Preparation Note
Pepstatin can be dissolved at 1 mg/ml in 10% (v/v) acetic acid in methanol (9:1 methanol:acetic acid). The inclusion of acetic acid may be necessary to dissolve this peptide in methanol or DMSO. It has been dissolved at 1 to 2 mg/ml in ethanol, but heat may be required for complete dissolution. Solutions of Pepstatin A can be heated as high as 60 °C without any decomposition of the peptide.
Stock solutions at 1 mg/ml are stable at least a week at 4 °C. A 1 mM solution in methanol or DMSO is stable for months at -20 °C. If solutions become darker yellow, the reagent is hydrolyzing.
A working concentration of 1 μM is stable for at least one day at room temperature.
Stock solutions at 1 mg/ml are stable at least a week at 4 °C. A 1 mM solution in methanol or DMSO is stable for months at -20 °C. If solutions become darker yellow, the reagent is hydrolyzing.
A working concentration of 1 μM is stable for at least one day at room temperature.
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This Item | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| biological source microbial | biological source microbial | biological source Streptomyces sp. | biological source - |
| Quality Level 200 | Quality Level 300 | Quality Level 100 | Quality Level 100 |
| form powder | form powder | form powder | form - |
| solubility 0.8-1.2 mg/mL (1% AcOH in Methanol (mix well)) | solubility ethanol: acetic acid (9:1): 1 mg/mL, clear to hazy, colorless | solubility ethanol: soluble 1 mg/mL | solubility - |
| storage temp. 2-8°C | storage temp. 2-8°C | storage temp. 2-8°C | storage temp. - |
| mp 233 °C (dec.) (lit.) | mp 233 °C (dec.) (lit.) | mp 233 °C (dec.) (lit.) | mp - |
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Storage Class
11 - Combustible Solids
flash_point_f
Not applicable
flash_point_c
Not applicable
ppe
Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)
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Is the recommended solution preparation for Pepstatin A product P5318 (CAS 26305-03-3) similar for DMSO solubility as it is for ethanol and methanol with 10% (v/v) acetic acid added?
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