A4111
2-AAPA hydrate
≥95% (HPLC)
Synonym(s):
R,R′-2-Acetylamino-3-[4-(2-acetylamino-2-carboxyethylsulfanylthiocarbonylamino)phenylthiocarbamoylsulfanyl]propionic acid hydrate, S, S′-[1,4-Phenylenebis(iminocarbonothioyl)]bis[N-acetyl-L-Cysteine] hydrate
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About This Item
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C18H22N4O6S4
Molecular Weight:
518.65
UNSPSC Code:
12352200
NACRES:
NA.25
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General description
2-Acetylamino-3-[4-(2-acetylamino-2-carboxy-ethylsulfanylthiocarbonylamino)phenylthiocarbamoylsulfanyl]propionic acid (2-AAPA) can block reductase systems, thereby modulating peroxiredoxin oxidation and mitochondrial function in A172 glioblastoma cells.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Abnormal thiol redox state (TRS) is involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases, such as chronic heart disease and atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis , AIDS , Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, etc. Thus there is a need for tools capable of regulating TRS. Glutathione reductase (GR) is a critical enzyme in the homeostasis of TRS. Thus selective GR inhibitor would be a valuable research tool in studying TRS-related processes. Carmustine (#C0400) an anticancer drug is commonly used as GR inhibitor (IC50~470 microM). 2-AAPA is novel, potent cell-penetrable GR inhibitor. The compound is quite selective. But small reduction of activity for GP and GST was observed at 0.1mM concentration of 2-AAPT.
Glutathione reductase (GR) is a critical enzyme in the homeostasis of cellular thiol redox state. 2-AAPA is potent, selective, cell-permeable GR inhibitor, a valuable research tool in studying processes related to thiol redox state. For example, it was used in a study of the relationship between thiol redox state and overall redox state. In addition to the expected decrease in GSH and increase in GSSG, 2-AAPA increased the ratios of NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+. Significant protein glutathionylation was also observed.
Storage Class Code
11 - Combustible Solids
WGK
nwg
Flash Point(F)
Not applicable
Flash Point(C)
Not applicable
Certificates of Analysis (COA)
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Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 48(5), 1375-1380 (2008)
Inhibition of reductase systems by 2-AAPA modulates peroxiredoxin oxidation and mitochondrial function in A172 glioblastoma cells
de S L F, et al.
Toxicology in vitro, 42(5), 273-280 (2017)
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Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 42, 273-280 (2017-05-04)
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