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Nitric oxide signaling in aluminum stress in plants.

Nitric oxide signaling in aluminum stress in plants.

Protoplasma (2011-08-19)

Huyi He, Jie Zhan, Longfei He, Minghua Gu

ABSTRACT

Nitric oxide (NO) is a ubiquitous signal molecule involved in multiple plant responses to environmental stress. In the recent years, the regulating role of NO on heavy metal toxicity in plants is realized increasingly, but knowledge of NO in alleviating aluminum (Al) toxicity is quite limited. In this article, NO homeostasis between its biosynthesis and elimination in plants is presented. Some genes involved in NO/Al network and their expressions are also introduced. Furthermore, the role of NO in Al toxicity and the functions in Al tolerance are discussed. It is proposed that Al toxicity may disrupt NO homeostasis, leading to endogenous NO concentration being lower than required for root elongation in plants. There are many evidences that pointed out that the exogenous NO treatments improve Al tolerance in plants through activating antioxidative capacity to eliminate reactive oxygen species. Most of the work with respect to NO regulating pathways and functions still has to be done in the future.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, powder, <5 μm particle size, 99.5% trace metals basis

Aluminum, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 1.0 mm foil

Aluminum, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 1.0 mm wire

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, powder, ≥91% (complexometric)

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, ≤30 μm, spherical powder, ≥99%

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, powder, <75 μm, ≥99.95% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, wire, diam. 0.58 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, evaporation slug, diam. × L 6.3 mm × 6.3 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, pellets, 3-8 mesh, ≥99.999% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, granular, <1 mm, 99.7% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 8 μm, 99% trace metals basis

Aluminum, wire reel, 0.5m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

Aluminum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 0.86mm, inside diameter 0.76mm, wall thickness 0.05mm, as drawn, 99.5%

Aluminum, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.063mm, annealed, 99.99%

Aluminum, rod, 100mm, diameter 28mm, as drawn, 99.999%

Aluminum, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.125mm, as drawn, 99.5%

Aluminum, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.125mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

Aluminum, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.999%

Aluminum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.5%

Aluminum, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.30mm, as drawn, 99.5%

Aluminum, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.025mm, as drawn, 99.0+%

Aluminum, wire reel, 5m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

Aluminum, wire reel, 30m, diameter 0.063mm, annealed, 99.99%

Aluminum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.95+%

Aluminum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.25mm, hard, 99.99+%

Aluminum, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.05mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

Aluminum, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.025mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, ReagentPlus^®, beads, 5-15 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, ACS reagent, 99%, wire, wire diam. ~1.5 mm