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931969

Sigma-Aldrich

Lithium perchlorate

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anhydrous, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

Synonym(s):

Perchloric acid lithium salt

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About This Item

Linear Formula:
LiClO4
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
106.39
MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
12352302
NACRES:
NA.23

grade

anhydrous
battery grade

Quality Level

Assay

≥99.9% trace metals basis

form

powder

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impurities

≤1000 ppm (trace metals analysis)

pH

6.0-7.5 (25 °C, 5%, aq.sol.)

mp

236 °C (lit.)

solubility

H2O: 59.8 g/dL at 25 °C

anion traces

chloride (Cl-): ≤30 ppm
sulfate (SO42-): ≤10 ppm

cation traces

Fe: ≤5 ppm
heavy metals: ≤10 ppm

application(s)

battery manufacturing

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SMILES string

[Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O

InChI

1S/ClHO4.Li/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1

InChI key

MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M

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General description

Anhydrous lithium perchlorate is a white-to-colorless crystalline salt. It is hygroscopic and deliquescent and usually stored under inert atmosphere. It is highly soluble in water and soluble in a variety of organic solvents including alcohols, acetone, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, ethers, carbonates, and other polar organic solvents. Lithium perchlorate is a strong oxidizing agent.
Industrially, lithium perchlorate is manufactured in several ways. Most commonly, it is prepared from sodium perchlorate through a metathesis reaction with lithium chloride or lithium carbonate. Lithium perchlorate can also be prepared by direct electrochemical oxidation of lithium chloride or by reacting lithium carbonate with perchloric acid. The hydrate can be dried either by highly controlled heating or by displacing water with volatile amines, which are removed by drying under vacuum.
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Application

The primary application of lithium perchlorate is as an electrolytic salt in lithium-ion batteries. Many of the early, now-famous reports of lithium batteries used lithium perchlorate dissolved in polar organics as the electrolyte and the salt remains popular because of its high solubility, electrochemical stability, and low cost. In the search for solid electrolytes, lithium perchlorate (5-12 wt%) is often added to polyethylene oxide (PEO) and composited with ceramic nanoparticles like LLZO and LATP .
Researchers also use lithium perchlorate as an electrolytic salt in aqueous media when testing electrocatalysts. For example, recent experiments improving the electrochemical reduction of nitrogen over TiO2 nanoparticles or gold nanoparticles use aqueous lithium perchlorate as the electrolyte.

Packaging

100g in poly bottle
500g in poly bottle

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Statements

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Dam. 1 - Ox. Sol. 2 - Skin Corr. 1A - STOT SE 3

Target Organs

Respiratory system

Storage Class Code

5.1A - Strongly oxidizing hazardous materials

WGK

WGK 1

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable


Certificates of Analysis (COA)

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The spinel phase of lithium manganese oxide (LiMn2O4) as a cathode in secondary lithium cells
Tarascon, J.M., et al.
Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 138, 2859-2864 (1991)
Mohammadreza Nazemi et al.
The journal of physical chemistry letters, 9(17), 5160-5166 (2018-08-25)
An electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) could provide an alternative pathway to the Haber-Bosch process for clean, sustainable, and decentralized NH3 production when it is coupled with renewably derived electricity sources. Developing an electrocatalyst that overcomes sluggish kinetics due to
Ting Yang et al.
ACS applied materials & interfaces, 9(26), 21773-21780 (2017-06-10)
Composite polymer solid electrolytes (CPEs) containing ceramic fillers embedded inside a polymer-salt matrix show great improvements in Li+ ionic conductivity compared to the polymer electrolyte alone. Lithium lanthanum zirconate (Li7La3Zr2O12, LLZO) with a garnet-type crystal structure is a promising solid
Haowei Zhai et al.
Nano letters, 17(5), 3182-3187 (2017-04-15)
Replacing flammable organic liquid electrolytes with solid Li-ion conductors is a promising approach to realize safe rechargeable batteries with high energy density. Composite solid electrolytes, which are comprised of a polymer matrix with ceramic Li-ion conductors dispersed inside, are attractive
Tongwei Wu et al.
Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English), 58(51), 18449-18453 (2019-09-25)
Titanium-based catalysts are needed to achieve electrocatalytic N2 reduction to NH3 with a large NH3 yield and a high Faradaic efficiency (FE). One of the cheapest and most abundant metals on earth, iron, is an effective dopant for greatly improving

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