(9-Fluorenylmethyl) chloroformate, also known as Fmoc chloride, is a highly versatile reagent with varied applications in organic synthesis. It is most frequently used to introduce the base-labile Fmoc-protecting group to amine functionalities, particularly during the production of Fmoc-protected amino acids. Fmoc-chloride has also been used to generate mixed carboxylic and carbonic anhydrides to facilitate amide and ester bond formation. It is soluble in common organic solvents such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, and dimethylformamide.
Application
Recent applications of (9-Fluorenylmethyl) chloroformate include:
(9-Fluorenylmethyl) chloroformate can be used as a coupling reagent.[1]
In the synthesis of amino acid esters. Fmoc chloride activates the carboxylic acid group of the amino acid, allowing it to react with an alcohol to form the ester.[2]
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Synthesis of Reactive Amino Acid Esters by Using 9-Fluorenylmethyl Chloroformate
Yamamoto H and Wu A
Synfacts, 16, 1247-1247 (2020)
9-Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl amino-protecting group
Carpino LA and Han GY
The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 37, 3404-3404 (1972)
Synthesis of peptides containing DOPA (3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine)
Sever MJ and Wilker JJ
Tetrahedron, 6139-6146 (2001)
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