G4505

Guanidine hydrochloride

organic base and chaeotropic agent, ≥99% (titration)

• Synonym(s): Guanidium Chloride, Aminoformamidine hydrochloride, Aminomethanamidine hydrochloride, Guanidinium chloride
• Linear Formula: NH₂C(=NH)NH₂ · HCl
• CAS Number: 50-01-1
• Molecular Weight: 95.53
• Beilstein: 3591990
• EC Number: 200-002-3
• MDL number: MFCD00013026
• UNSPSC Code: 12352107
• PubChem Substance ID: 24895176
• NACRES: NA.28

Properties

• biological source: synthetic (organic)
• Quality Level: 400
• Assay: ≥99% (titration)
• form: crystalline powder
• technique(s): RNA extraction: suitable
• impurities: ≤0.3% water (Karl Fischer)
• color: white
• pH: (25 °C, 4.6 - 6 at 573 g/L)
• mp: 180-185 °C (lit.)
• solubility: H₂O: 6 M
• density: 1.3 g/cm³ (lit.)
• absorption: ≤0.10 at 260 nm in H₂O at 6 M
• SMILES string: Cl[H].NC(N)=N
• InChI: 1S/CH5N3.ClH/c2-1(3)4;/h(H5,2,3,4);1H
• InChI key: PJJJBBJSCAKJQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Gene Information: human ... KCNA1(3736) , KCNA10(3744) , KCNA2(3737) , KCNA3(3738) , KCNA4(3739) , KCNA5(3741) , KCNA6(3742) , KCNA7(3743) , KCNB1(3745) , KCNB2(9312) , KCNC1(3746) , KCNC2(3747) , KCNC3(3748) , KCNC4(3749) , KCND1(3750) , KCND2(3751) , KCND3(3752) , KCNF1(3754) , KCNG1(3755) , KCNG2(26251) , KCNG3(170850) , KCNG4(93107) , KCNH1(3756) , KCNH2(3757) , KCNH3(23416) , KCNH4(23415) , KCNH5(27133) , KCNH6(81033) , KCNH7(90134) , KCNH8(131096) , KCNQ1(3784) , KCNQ2(3785) , KCNQ3(3786) , KCNQ4(9132) , KCNQ5(56479) , KCNS1(3787) , KCNS2(3788) , KCNS3(3790) , KCNV1(27012) , KCNV2(169522)

Description

General description

Guanidine Hydrochloride is a potent protein denaturant extensively utilized in the purification of proteins and nucleic acids. Widely recognized for its versatility, it plays a pivotal role in total RNA extraction experiments, dissolving proteins and disrupting cell structures while inactivating RNA enzymes. Beyond denaturation, Guanidine Hydrochloride is instrumental in renaturing proteins, effectively restoring their active states. It also finds widespread applications in sequencing, molecular weight determinations, and acts as a solubilizing agent for electrophoresis. In summary, Guanidine Hydrochloride stands as a crucial tool in biochemical research, offering indispensable capabilities in the purification, denaturation, and renaturation of proteins and nucleic acids across diverse laboratory applications.

Application

Guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) has been used:

• to perform absolute quantitation of amyloid-beta (Aß) isoforms in plasma[1]
• in protein carbonylation assay[2]
• for the quantification of glycosaminoglycans (GAG)[3]
• for denaturation of cow′s milk allergens[4]
• as a control in antiviral screening tests with coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)[5]
• in RNA isolation to dissociate nucleoproteins and inhibit RNase

Strong chaotropic agent useful for the denaturation and subsequent refolding of proteins. This strong denaturant can solubilize insoluble or denatured proteins such as inclusion bodies. This can be used as the first step in refolding proteins or enzymes into their active form. Urea and dithiothreitol (DTT) may also be necessary.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) is hydroscopic and a small molecule.[6][7] It is a potent denaturant of enzymes, which results in conformational changes in the enzyme, leading to complete loss of enzyme activity.[8] GdnHCl is involved in blocking the activity of heat shock protein 104 (Hsp104) adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) in vivo.[7] It is involved in denaturing alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) in Haliotis diversicolor. GdnHCl leads to the deactivation of enzymes like papain and aminoacylase.[8] GdnHCl, at higher concentrations, is effective in virus inactivation, such as herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1).[9]

Features and Benefits

• Suitable for Biochemical and Cell Biology research
• Ideal for RNA extraction
• High purity product for research applications

Packaging

G4505-1KT:
Each kit contains 3 x 100G samples, each sample from a uniquely manufactured lot.

Caution

May agglomerate upon storage. The quality of the product does not appear to be affected and solutions prepared from the free-flowing and lumpy guanidine hydrochloride appear identical. For free-flowing material, please see our Redi-Dri^™ free-flowing product number RDD001.

Preparation Note

In order to make an 8M solution in water, one must heat the solution to 35 °C for approximately 30 minutes.
The maximum solubility of guanidine hydrochloride in water at room temperature is approximately 6M.

Other Notes

For additional information on our range of Biochemicals, please complete this form.

Legal Information

Redi-Dri is a trademark of Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC

Safety Information

• Pictograms: GHS07
• Signal Word: Warning
• Hazard Statements: H302 + H332,H315,H319
• Precautionary Statements: P261 - P264 - P301 + P312 - P302 + P352 - P304 + P340 + P312 - P305 + P351 + P338
• Hazard Classifications: Acute Tox. 4 Inhalation - Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Irrit. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2
• Storage Class Code: 11 - Combustible Solids
• WGK: WGK 1
• Flash Point(F): Not applicable
• Flash Point(C): Not applicable
• Personal Protective Equipment: dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves