Profilins are actin-monomer-binding proteins, abundantly expressed in all eukaryotic cells from yeast to mammals. Profilin 2 (PFN2) is the neuronal specific isoform. It is an actin-binding protein and is a member of the small G-actin-binding class of protein.
Immunogen
synthetic peptide corresponding to amion acid residues 128-140 of human profilin 2 conjugated to KLH. The corresponding sequence is identical in mouse and rat.
Application
Anti-Profilin 2 (C-terminal) antibody produced in rabbit has been used in immunostaining and immunoblotting.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Profilins are key regulators of actin dynamics. Profilin 2 (PFN2) associates with a number of proteins involved in membrane trafficking and endocytosis, such as synapsin and dynamin 1. It associates with dynamin 1 through the C-terminal proline-rich domain of dynamin 1 and thereby competes with the binding of SH3 ligands, such as endophilin and amphiphysin, thus interfering with the assembly of the endocytic machinery. Overexpression of profilin 2 inhibits endocytosis. Absence of profilin 2 in neurons increases endocytosis and membrane recycling. Profilin 2 is required for stimulated actin polymerization in the synapse and is involved in the regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis, neuronal excitability and complex behavior.
Physical form
Solution in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, containing 15 mM sodium azide.
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Nuclear and cytoplasmic actin-cofilin rods are formed transiently under stress conditions to reduce actin filament turnover and ATP hydrolysis. The persistence of these structures has been implicated in disease pathology of several neurological disorders. Recently, the presence of actin rods
FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 34(2), 2147-2160 (2020-01-08)
Profilin is a major regulator of actin dynamics in multiple specific processes localized in different cellular compartments. This specificity is not only meditated by its binding to actin but also its interaction with phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2 )
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