NHS-S-S-dPEG®4-biotin is used extensively to label molecules that contain a free amine with biotin. This dPEG® spacer imparts a high degree of water solubility to the biotin label. For biotinylated peptides and proteins, the dPEG® spacer dramatically reduces aggregation and precipitation of the modified molecule and reduces non-specific binding of the molecule, both of which are common problems with molecules that have been biotinylated with the widely used NHS-LC-biotin. NHS-S-S-dPEG®4-biotin contains a disulfide group in the linear chain, allowing the biotin to be cleaved reductively from the labeled molecule.
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